Internationaal telecommunicatie reglement

International Telecommunications Regulations

Preamble

1
While the sovereign right of each country to regulate its telecommunications is fully recognized, the provisions of the present Regulations supplement the International Telecommunication Convention, with a view to attaining the purpose of the International Telecommunication Union in promoting the development of telecommunication services and their most efficient operation while harmonizing the development of facilities for world-wide telecommunications.

Article

1 Purpose and Scope of the Regulations

2
1.1 a) These Regulations establish general principles which relate to the provision and operation of international telecommunication services offered to the public as well as to the underlying international telecommuncation transport means used to provide such services. They also set rules applicable to administrations^*or recognized private operating agency(ies).
3
b) These Regulations recognize in Article 9 the right of Members to allow special arrangements.
4
1.2 In these Regulations, "the public" is used in the sense of the population, including governmental and legal bodies.
5
1.3 These Regulations are established with a view to facilitating global interconnection and interoperability of telecommunication facilities and to promoting the harmonious development and efficient operation of technical facilities, as well as the efficiency, usefulness and availability to the public of international telecommunication services.
6
1.4 References to CCITT Recommendations and Instructions in these Regulations are not to be taken as giving to those Recommendations and Instructions the same legal status as the Regulations.
7
1.5 Within the framework of the present Regulations, the provision and operation of international telecommunication services in each relation is pursuant to mutual agreement between administrations^*or recognized private operating agency(ies).
8
1.6 In implementing the principles of these Regulations, administrations^*or recognized private operating agency(ies) should comply with, to the greatest extent practicable, the relevant CCITT Recommendations, including any Instructions forming part of or derived from these Recommendations.
9
1.7 a) These Regulations recognize the right of any Member, subject to national law and should it decide to do so, to require that administrations and private operating agencies, which operate in its territory and provide an international telecommunication service to the public, be authorized by that Member.
10
b) The Member concerned shall, as appropriate, encourage the application of relevant CCITT Recommendations by such service providers.
11
c) The Members, where appropriate, shall cooperate in implementing the International Telecommunication Regulations (For interpretation, also see Resolution No. 2).
12
1.8 The regulations shall apply, regardless of the means of transmission used, so far as the Radio Regulations do not provide otherwise.

Article

2 Definitions

13
For the purpose of these Regulations, the following definitions shall apply. These terms and definitions do not, however, necessarily apply for other purposes.
14
2.1 Telecommunication: Any transmission, emission or reception of signs, signals, writing, images and sounds or intelligence of any nature by wire, radio, optical or other electromagnetic systems.
15
2.2 International telecommunication service: The offering of a telecommunication capability between telecommunication offices or stations of any nature that are in or belong to different countries.
16
2.3 Government telecommunication: A telecommunication originating with any: Head of a State; Head of a government or members of a government; Commanders-in-Chief of military forces, land, sea or air; diplomatic or consular agents; the Secretary-General of the United Nations; Heads of the principal organs of the United Nations; the International Court of Justice, or reply to a government telegram.
17
2.4 Service telecommunication

A telecommunication that relates to public international telecommunications and that is exchanged among the following:
- -
  administrations;
- -
  recognized private operating agencies,
- -
  and the Chairman of the Administrative Council, the Secretary-General, the Deputy Secretary-General, the Directors of the International Consultive Committees, the members of the International Frequency Registration Board, other representatives or authorized officials of the Union, including those working on official matters outside the seat of the Union.
18
2.5 Privilege telecommunication
19
2.5.1 A telecommunication that may be exchanged during:
- -
  sessions of the ITU Administrative Council,
- -
  conferences and meetings of the ITU
between, on the one hand, representatives of Members of the Administrative Council, members of delegations, senior officials of the permanent organs of the Union and their authorized colleagues attending conferences and meetings of the ITU and, on the other, their administrations or recognized private operating agency or the ITU, and relating either to matters under discussion by the Administrative Council, conferences and meetings of the ITU or to public international telecommunications.
20
2.5.2 A private telecommunication that may be exchanged during sessions of the ITU Administrative Council and conferences and meetings of the ITU by representatives of Members of the Administrative Council, members of delegations, senior officals of the permanent organs of the Union attending ITU conferences and meetings, and the staff of the Secretariat of the Union seconded to ITU conferences and meetings, to enable them to communicate with their country of residence.
21
2.6 International route: Technical facilities and installations located in different countries and used for telecommunication terminal exhanges or offices
22
2.7 Relation: Exchange of traffic between two terminal countires, always referring to a specific service if there is between their administrations^*or recognized private operating agency(ies):
23
a) a means for the exhange of traffic in that specific service:
- -
  over direct circuits (direct relation), or
- -
  via a point of transit in a third country (indirect relation), and
24
b) normally, the settlement of accounts.
25
2.8 Accounting rate: The rate agreed between administrations^*or recognized private operating agency(ies) in a given relation that is used for the establishment of international accounts.
26
2.9 Collection charge: The charge established and collected by an administration^*or recognized private operating agency(ies) from its customers for the use of an international telecommunication service
27
2.10 Instructions: A collection of provisions drawn from one or more CCITT Recommendations dealing with practical operational procedures for the handling of telecommuncation traffic (e.g., acceptance, transmission, accounting)

Article

3 International Network

28
3.1 Members shall ensure that administrations^*or recognized private operating agency(ies) cooperate in the establishment, operation and maintenance of the international network to provide a satisfactory quality of service.
29
3.2 Administrations^*or recognized private operating agency(ies) shall endeavour to provide sufficient telecommunication facilities to meet the requirements of and demand for international telecommunication services.
30
3.3 Administrations^*or recognized private operating agency(ies) shall determine by mutual agreement which international routes are to be used. Pending agreement and provided that there is no direct route existing between the terminal administrations^*or recognized private operating agency(ies) concerned, the origin administration^*or recognized private operating agency(ies) has the choice to determine the routing of its outgoing telecommunication traffic, taking into account the interests of the relevant transit and destination administrations^*or recognized private operating agency(ies)
31
3.4 Subject to national law, any user, by having access to the international network established by an administration^*or recognized private operating agency(ies), has the right to send traffic. A satisfactory quality of service should be maintained to the greatest extent practicable, corresponding to relevant CCITT Recommendations

Article

4 International Telecommunication Services

32
4.1 Members shall promote the implementation of international telecommunication services and shall endeavour to make such services generaly available to the public in their national network(s).
33
4.2 Members shall ensure that administrations^*or recognized private operating agency(ies) cooperate within the framework of these Regulations to provide by mutual agreement, a wide range of international telecommunication services which should conform, to the greatest extent practicable, to the relevant CCITT Recommendations.
34
4.3 Subject to national law, Members shall endeavour to ensure that administrations^*or recognized private operating agency(ies) provide and maintain, to the greatest extent practicable, a minimum quality of service corresponding to the relevant CCITT Recommendations with respect to:
35
a) access to the international network by users using terminals which are permitted to be connected to the network and which do not cause harm to technical facilities and personnel:
36
b) international telecommunication facilities and services available to customers for their dedicated use;
37
c) at least a form of telecommunication which is reasonably accessible to the public, including those who may not be subscribers to a specific telecommunication service; and
38
d) a capability for interworking between different services, as appropriate, to facilitate international communications.

Article

5 Safety of Life and Priority of Telecommuncations

39
5.1 Safety of life telecommunications, such as distress telecommunications, shall be entitled to transmission as of right and shall, where technically practicable have absolute priority over all other telecommunications, in accordance with the relevant Articles of the Convention and taking due account of relevant CCITT Recommendations.
40
5.2 Government telecommunications, including telecommunications relative to the application of certain provisions of the United Nations Charter, shall, where technically practicable, enjoy priority over telecommunications other than those referred to in No. 39, in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Convention and taking due account of relevant CCITT Recommendations.
41
5.3 The provisions governing the priority enjoyed by all other telecommunications are contained in the relevant CCITT Recommendations.

Article

6 Charging and Accounting

42
6.1 Collection charges
43
6.1.1 Each administration^*or recognized private operating agency(ies) shall, subject to applicable national law, establish the charges to be collected from its customers. The level of the charges is a national matter; however, in establishing these charges, administrations^*or recognized private operating agency(ies) should try to avoid too great a dissymetry between the charges applicable in each direction of the same relation.
44
6.1.2 The charge levied by an administration^*or recognized private operating agency(ies) on customers for a particular communication should in principle be the same in a given relation, regardless of the route chosen by that administration^*or recognized private operating agency(ies).
45
6.1.3 Where, in accordance with the national law of a country, a fiscal tax is levied on collection charges for international telecommunication services, this tax shall normally be collected only in respect of international services billed to customers in that country, unless other arrangements are made to meet special circumstances.
46
6.2 Accounting rates
47
6.2.1 For each applicable service in a given relation, administrations^*or recognized private operating agency(ies) shall by mutual agreement establish and revise accounting rates to be applied between them, in accordance with the provisions of Appendix 1 and taking into account relevant CCITT Recommendations and relevant cost trends.
48
6.3 Monetary unit
49
6.3.1 In the absence of special arrangements concluded between administrations^*or recognized private operating agency(ies), the monetary unit to be used in the composition of accounting rates for international telecommunication services and in the establishment of international accounts shall be:
- -
  either the monetary unit of the International Monetary Fund (IMF), currently the Special Drawing Right (SDR), as defined by that organization;
- -
  or the gold franc, equivalent to 1/3.061 SDR.
50
6.3.2 In accordance with relevant provisions of the International Telecommunication Convention, this provision shall not affect the possibility open to administrations^*or recognized private operating agency(ies) of establishing bilateral arrangements for mutually acceptable coefficients between the monetary unit of the IMF and the gold franc.
51
6.4 Establishment of accounts and settlement of balances of account
52
6.4.1 Unless otherwise agreed, administrations^*or recognized private operating agency(ies) shall follow the relevant provisions as set out in Appendices 1 and 2.
53
6.5 Service and privilege telecommunications
54
6.5.1 Administrations^*or recognized private operating agency(ies) shall follow the relavant provisions as set out in Appendix 3.

Article

7 Suspension of Services

55
7.1 If a Member exercises its right in accordance with the Convention to suspend international telecommunication services partially of totally, that Member shall immendiately notify the Secretary-General of the suspension and of the subsequent return to normal conditions by the most appropriate means of communication.
56
7.2 The Secretary-General shall immediately bring such information to the attention of all other Members, using the most appropriate means of communication.

Article

8 Dissemination of Information

57
Using the most suitable and economical means, the Secretary-General shall disseminate information, provided by administrations^*or recognized private operating agency(ies), of an administrative, operational, tariff or statistical nature concerning international telecommunication routes and services. Such information shall be disseminated in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Convention and of this Article, on the basis of decisions taken by the Administrative Council or by competent administrative conferences, and taking account of conclusions or decisions of Plenary Assemblies of the International Consultative Committees.

Article

9 Special Arrangements

58
9.1 a) Pursuant to Article 31 of the International Telecommunication Convention (Nairobi, 1982), special arrangements may be entered into on telecommunication matters which do not concern Memberts in general. Subject to national laws, Members may allow administrations^*or recognized private operating agency(ies) or other organizations or persons to enter into such special mutual arrangements with Members, administrations^*or recognized private operating agency(ies) or other organizations or persons that are so allowed in another country for the establishment, operation, and use of special telecommunication networks, systems and services, in order to meet specialized international telecommunication needs within and/or between the territories of the Members concerned, and including, as necessary, those financial, technical, or operating conditions to be observed.
59
b) Any such special arrangements should avoid technical harm to the operation of the telecommunication facilities of third countries.
60
9.2 Members should, where appropriate, encourage the parties to any special arrangements that are made pursuant to No. 58 to take into account relevant provisions of CCITT Recommendations.

Article

10 Final Provisions

61
10.1 These Regulations, of which Appendices 1, 2 and 3 form integral parts, shall enter into force on 1 July 1990 at 0001 hours UTC.
62
10.2 On the date specified in No. 61, the Telegraph Regulations (Geneva, 1973) and the Telephone Regulations (Geneva, 1973) shall be replaced by these International Telecommunication Regulations (Melbourne, 1988) pursuant to the International Telecommunication Convention.
63
10.3 If a Member makes reservations with regard to the application of one or more of the provisions of these Regulations, other Members and their administrations^*or recognized private operating agency(ies) shall be free to disregard the said provision or provisions in their relations with the Member which has made such reservations and its administrations^*or recognized private operating agency(ies).
64
10.4 Members of the Union shall inform the Secretary-General of their approval of the International Telecommunication Regulations adopted by the Conference. The Secretary-General shall inform Members promptly of the receipt of such notifications of approval.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the delegated of the Members of the International Telecommunication Union named below have, on behalf of their respective comptetent authorities, signed one copy of the present Final Acts in the Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian and Spanish languages. This copy shall remain in the archives of the Union. The Secretary-General shall forward one certified copy to each Member of the International Telecommunication Union.

DONE at Melbourne, 9 December 1988.

APPENDIX

1 General Provisions Concerning Accounting

1 Accounting rates

1.1

For each applicable service in a given relation, administrations^*or recognized private operating agency(ies) shall by mutual agreement establish and revise accounting rates to be applied between them, taking into account the Recommendations of the CCITT and trends in the cost of providing the specific telecommunication service, and shall divide such rates into terminal shares payable to the administrations^*or recognized private operating agency(ies) of terminal countries, and where appropriate, into transit shares payable to the administrations^*or recognized private operating agency(ies) of transit countries.

1.2

Alternatively, in traffic relations where CCITT cost studies can be used as a basis, the accounting rate may be determined in accordance with the following method:

a)
administrations^*or recognized private operating agency(ies) shall establish and revise their terminal and transit shares taking into account the Recommendations of the CCITT;
b)
the accounting rate shall be te sum of the terminal shares and any transit shares.

1.3

When one or more administrations^*or recognized private operating agency(ies) acquire, either by flat rate remuneration or other arrangements, the right to utilize a part of the circuit and or installations of another administration^*or recognized private operating agency(ies), the former have the right to establish their share as mentioned in 1.1 and 1.2 above, for this part of the relation.

1.4

In cases where one or more routes have been established by agreement between administrations^*or recognized private operating agency(ies) and where traffic is diverted unilaterally by the administration^*or recognized private operating agency(ies) of origin to a route which has not been agreed with the administration^*or recognized private operating agency(ies) of destination, the terminal shares payable to the administration^*or recognized private operating agency(ies) of destination shall be the same as would have been due to it had the traffic been routed over the agreed primary route and the transit costs are borne by the administration^*or recognized private operating agency(ies) of origin, unless the administration^*or recognized private operating agency(ies) of destination is prepared to agree to a different share.

1.5

In cases where the traffic is routed via a transit point without authorization and or agreement to the transit share, the transit administration^*or recognized private operating agency(ies) has the right to set the level of the transit share to be included in the international accounts.

1.6

Where an administration^*or recognized private operating agency(ies) has a duty or fiscal tax levied on its accounting rate shares or other remunerations, it shall not in turn impose any such duty or fiscal tax on other administrations^*or recognized private operating agency(ies).

2 Establishment of accounts

2.1

Unless otherwise agreed, the administrations^*or recognized private operating agency(ies) responsible for collecting the charges shall establish a monthly account showing all the amounts due and send it to the administrations^*or recognized private operating agency(ies) concerned.

2.2

The accounts shall be sent as promptly as possible and, except in cases of force majeure, before the end of the third month following that to which they relate.

2.3

In principle an account shall be considered as accepted without the need for specific notification of acceptance to the administration^*or recognized private operating agency(ies) which sent it.

2.4

However, any administration^*or recognized private operating agency(ies) has the right to question the contents of an account for a period of two calendar months after the receipt of the account, but only to the extent necessary to bring any differences within mutually agreed limits.

2.5

In relations where there are no special agreements, a quarterly settlement statement showing the balances of the monthly accounts for the period to which it relates shall be prepared as soon as possible by the creditor administration^*or recognized private operating agency(ies) and shall be sent in duplicate to the debtor administration^*or recognized private operating agency(ies), which, after verification, shall return one of the copies endorsed with its acceptance.

2.6

In indirect relations where a transit administration^*or recognized private operating agency(ies) acts as an accounting intermediary between two terminal points, it shall include accounting data for transit trafffic in the relevant outgoing traffic account to administrations^*or recognized private operating agency(ies) beyond it in the routing sequence as soon as possible after receiving that data from the originating administration^*or recognized private operating agency(ies).

3 Settlement of balances of accounts

3.1

Choice of the currency of payment

3.1.1
The payment of balances of international telecommunication accounts shall be made in the currency selected by the creditor after consultation with the debtor. In the event of disagreement, the choice of the creditor shall prevail in all cases subject to the provisions in 3.1.2 below. If the creditor does not specify a currency, the choice shall rest with the debtor.
3.1.2
If a creditor selects a currency with a value fixed unilaterally or a currency the equivalent value of which is to be determined by its relationship to a currency with a value also fixed unilaterally, the use of the selected currency must be acceptable to the debtor.

3.2

Determination of the amount of payment

3.2.1
The amount of the payment in the selected currency, as determined below, shall be equivalent in value to the balance of the account.
3.2.2
If the balance of the account is expressed in the monetary unit of the IMF, the amount of the selected currency shall be determined by the relationship in effect on the day before payment, or by the latest relationship published by the IMF, between the monetary unit of the IMF and the selected currency.
3.2.3
However, if the relationship of the monetary unit of the IMF to the selected currency has not been published, the amount of the balance of account shall, at a first stage, be converted into a currency for which a relationship has been published by the IMF, using the relationship in effect on the day before payment or the latest published relationship. The amount thus obtained shall, at a second stage, be converted into the equivalent value of the selected currency, using the closing rate in effect on the day prior to payment or the most recent rate quoted on the official or generally accepted foreign exchange market of the main financial centre of the debtor country.
3.2.4
If the balance of the account is expressed in gold francs, the amount shall, in the absence of special arrangements, be converted into the monetary unit of the IMF in accordance with the provisions of section 6.3 of the Regulations. The amount of payment shall then be determined in compliance with the provisions of 3.2.2 above.
3.2.5
If, in accordance with a special arrangement, the balance of the account is expressed neither in the monetary unit of the IMF nor in gold francs, the payment shall also be the subject of this special arrangement and:
- a)
  if the selected currency is the same as the currency of the balance of account, the amount of the selected currency shall be the amount of the balance of account;
- b)
  if the selected currency for payment is different from the currency in which the balance is expressed, the amount shall be determined by converting the balance of account to its equivalent value in the selected currency in accordance with the provisions of 3.2.3 above.

3.3

Payment of balances

3.3.1
Payment of balances of account shall be effected as promptly as possible, but in no case later than two calendar months after the day on which the settlement statement is despatched by the creditor administration^*or recognized private operating agency(ies). Beyond this period, the creditor administration^*or recognized private operating agency(ies) may, subject to prior notification in the form of a final demand for payment, and unless otherwise agreed, charge interest at a rate of up to 6% per annum, reckoned form the day following the date of expiry of the said period.
3.3.2
The payment due on a settlement statement shall not be delayed pending settlement of a query on that account. Adjustments which are later agreed shall be included in a subsequent account.
3.3.3
On the date of payment, the debtor shall transmit the amount of the selected currency as computed above by a bank cheque, transfer or any other means acceptable to the debtor and the creditor. If the creditor expresses no preference, the choice shall fall to the debtor.
3.3.4
The payment charges imposed in the debtor country (taxes, clearing charges, commissions, etc.) shall be borne by the debtor. Any such charges imposed in the creditor country, including payment charges imposed by intermediate banks in third countries, shall be borne by the creditor.

3.4

Additional provisions

3.4.1
3.4.1 Provided the periods of payment are observed, administrations^*or recognized private operating agency(ies) may by mutual agreement settle their balances of various kinds by offsetting:
- -
  credits and debits in their relations with other administrations^*or recognized private operating agency(ies); and/or
- -
  debts arising from postal services, if appropriate.
3.4.2
If, between the time the remittance (bank transfer, cheques, etc.) is effected and the time the creditor is in receipt of that remittance (account credited, cheque encashed, etc.), a variation occures in the equivalent value of the selected currency calculated as indicated in paragraph 3.2, and if the difference resulting from such variations exceeds 5% of the amount due as calculated following such variations, the total difference shall be shared equally between debtor and creditor.
3.4.3
If there should be a redical change in the international monetary system which invalidates or makes inappropriate one or more of the foregoing paragraphs, administrations^*or recognized private operating agency(ies) are free to adopt, by mutual agreement, a different monetary basis and/or different procedures for the settlement of balances of accounts, pending a revision of the above provisions.

APPENDIX

2 Additional Provisions Relating to Maritime Telecommunications

1 General

The provisions contained in Article 6 and Appendix 1, taking into account the relevant CCITT Recommendations, shall also apply to maritime telecommunications in so far as the following provisions do not provide otherwise.

2 Accounting authority

2.1

Charges for maritime telecommunications in the maritime mobile service and the maritime mobile-satellite service shall in principle, and subject to national law and pratice, be collected from the maritime mobile station licensee:

a)
by the administration that has issued the licence; or
b)
by a recognized private operating agency; or
c)
by any other entity or entities designated for this purpose by the administration referred to in a) above.

2.2

The administration or the recognized private operating agency or the designated entity or entities listed in paragraph 2.1 are referred to in this Appendix as the "accounting authority".

2.3

References to administration^*or recognized private operating agency(ies) contained in Article 6 and Appendix 1 shall be read as "accounting authority" when applying the provisions of Article 6 and Appendix I to maritime telecommunications.

2.4

Members shall designate their accounting authority or authorities for the purposes of implementing this Appendix and notify their names, identification codes and addresses to the Secretary-General for inclusion in the List of Ship Stations; the number of such names and addresses shall be limited taking into account the relevant CCITT Recommendations.

3 Establishment of accounts

3.1

In principle, an account shall be considered as accepted without the need for specific notification of acceptance to the accounting authority that sent it.

3.2

Howerver, any accounting authority has the right to question the contents of an account for a period of six calendar months after dispatch of the account.

4 Settlement of balances of account

4.1

All international maritime telecommunication accounts shall be paid by the accounting authority without delay and in any case within six calendar months after dispatch of the account, except where the settlement of account is undertaken in accordance with paragraph 4.3 below.

4.2

if international maritime telecommunication accounts remain unpaid after six calendar months, the administration that has licensed the mobile station shall, on request, take all possible steps, within the limits of applicable national law, to ensure settlement of the accounts from the licensee.

4.3

If the period between the date of dispatch and receipt exceeds one month, the receiving accounting authority should at once notify the originating accounting authority that queries and payments may be delayed. The delay shall, however, not exceed three calendar months in respect of payment, or five calendar months in respect of queries, both periods commencing from the date of receipt of the account.

4.4

The debtor accounting authority may refuse the settlement and adjustment of accounts presented more than eighteen calendar months after the date of the traffic to which the accounts relate.

APPENDIX

3 Service and Privilege Telecommunications

1 Service telecommunications

1.1

Administrations^*or recognized private operating agency(ies) may provide service telecommunications free of charge.

Administrations^*or recognized private operating agency(ies) may in principle forego inclusion of service telecommunications in international accounting, under the relevant provisions of the International Telecommunication Convention and the present Regulations, having due regard for the need for reciprocal arrangements.

2 Privilege telecommunications

Administrations^*or recognized private operating agency(ies) may provide privilege telecommunications free of charge, and accordingly may forego the inclusion of such classes of telecommunication in international accounting, under the relevant provisions of the International Telecommunication Convention and the present Regulations.

3 Applicable provisions

The general operational, charging and accounting principles applicable to service and privilege telecommunications should take account of the relevant CCITT Recommendations.

FINAL PROTOCOL

At the time of signing the Final Acts of the World Administrative Telegraph and Telephone Conference (Melbourne, 1988), the undersigned delegates take note of the following statements made by signatory delegations:

NO. 35

Original :English/French/Spanish

For the Federal Republic of Germany, Belgium, Denmark, Spain, France, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Portugal, the Kingdom of the Netherlands, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland:

In signing the Final Acts of the World Administrative Telegraph and Telephone Conference (Melbourne, 1988), the Delegations of the above-mentioned Members of the Union, being Member States of the European Economic Community, declare that these States will apply the International Telecommunication Regulations in accordance with their obligations under the Treaty establishing the European Economic Community.

NO. 44

Original: English

For the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland:

In signing these Regulations, the Delegation of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland wishes to reaffirm its Government's commitment to the development of competition in the provision of international telecommunication infrastructure and services. It believes such competition to be in the interest of telecommunications users, and economic development generally. Every effort should be made, where practicable, to meet the reasonable preferences of customers.

In implementing the provisions of the Regulations, the Government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland intends to be guided, as appropriate, by these principles. It wishes, in particular, to disassociate itself from those parts of Opinion No. 1 which it believes may suggest views contrary to these principles.

NO. 55

Original :Spanish

For Spain:

With reference to the reservations made by a number of delegations in connection with the conditions required for the provision of international telecommunication services, the Delegation of Spain at the World Administrative Telegraph and Telephone Conference (Melbourne, 1988) declares that such reservations will under no circumstances constitute a valid argument for the avoidance of the application of Spanish national law on the part of any entity which directly intends to provide such services on the territory of Spain or via the Spanish telecommunication network.

NO. 73

Original : English

For the Kingdom of the Netherlands:

The Delegation of the Kingdom of the Netherlands has accepted the Regulations set at the World Administrative Telegraph and Telephone Conference (Melbourne, 1988) because it sees these Regulations as a balanced package serving the harmonious and efficient development, operation and use of telecommunications world-wide.

Noting that several Members of the Union have made reservations on their position towards the principles and provisions with regard to special arrangements contained in the Regulations which have consequences on the balanced contents of these Regulations, the Delegation of the Kingdom of the Netherlands therefore formally declares that it does not endorse in any way procedures requiring approval for providers of telecommunication services and services dependent on telecommunication transport in those Member countries.

RESOLUTION

No. 2

Cooperation of the Members of the Union in Implementing the International Telecommunication Regulations

The World Administrative Telegraph and Telephone Conference (Melbourne, 1988),

recalling

the principle of the sovereign right of each country to regulate its telecommunication as embodied in the Preamble to the International Telecommunication Convention (Nairobi, 1982), and in the Preamble to the International Telecommunication Regulations as well as the purposes of the Union contained in Article 4 of that Convention;

realizing

that, in the case of difficulties in the applicable national law in the implementation of the International Telecommunication Regulations, appropriate cooperation amongst the Members concerned is desirable;

resolves

that, upon request by a Member concerned about the limited effectiveness of its national law in relation to international telecommunication services offered to the public in its territory, the Members concerned shall, where appropriate, consult on a reciprocal basis, with a view to maintaining and extending international cooperation between Members of the Union, in the spirit of Article 4 of the above-mentioned Convention for the improvement and rational use of telecommunications, including the orderly use of the international telecommunication network.