The Contracting Parties,
Desirous of improving the conditions of preservation of the quality of perishable foodstuffs during their carriage, particularly in international trade,
Considering that the improvement of those conditions is likely to promote the expansion of trade in perishable foodstuffs,
Have agreed as follows:
For the international carriage of perishable foodstuffs, equipment shall not be designated as “insulated”, “refrigerated”, “mechanically refrigerated”, or “heated” equipment unless it complies with the definitions and standards set forth in annex 1 to this Agreement.
The Contracting Parties shall take the measures necessary to ensure that the equipment referred to in article 1 of this Agreement is inspected and tested for compliance with the said standards in conformity with the provisions of annex 1, appendices 1, 2, 3 and 4, to this Agreement. Each Contracting Party shall recognize the validity of certificates of compliance issued in conformity with annex 1, appendix 1, paragraph 3 to this Agreement by the competent authority of another Contracting Party. Each Contracting Party may recognize the validity of certificates of compliance issued in conformity with the requirements of annex 1, appendices 1 and 2, to this Agreement by the competent authority of a State not a Contracting Party.
The provisions of article 4 of this Agreement shall apply to all carriage, whether for hire or reward or for own account, carried out exclusively - subject to the provisions of paragraph 2 of this article - by rail, by road or by a combination of the two, of
quick (deep)-frozen and frozen foodstuffs, and of
foodstuffs referred to in annex 3 to this Agreement even if they are neither quick (deep)-frozen nor frozen,
if the point at which the goods are, or the equipment containing them is, loaded on to a rail or road vehicle and the point at which the goods are, or the equipment containing them is, unloaded from that vehicle are in two different States and the point at which the goods are unloaded is situated in the territory of a Contracting Party.
In the case of carriage entailing one or more sea crossings other than sea crossings as referred to in paragraph 2 of this article, each land journey shall be considered separately.
The provisions of paragraph 1 of this article shall likewise apply to sea crossings of less than 150 km on condition that the goods are shipped in equipment used for the land journey or journeys without transloading of the goods and that such crossings precede or follow one or more land journeys as referred to in paragraph 1 of this article or take place between two such land journeys.
Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraphs 1 and 2 of this article, the Contracting Parties need not apply the provisions of article 4 of this Agreement to the carriage of foodstuffs not intended for human consumption.
For the carriage of the perishable foodstuffs specified in annexes 2 and 3 to this Agreement, the equipment referred to in article 1 of this Agreement shall be used unless the temperatures to be anticipated throughout carriage render this requirement manifestly unnecessary for the purpose of maintaining the temperature conditions specified in annexes 2 and 3 to this Agreement. The equipment shall be so selected and used that the temperature conditions prescribed in the said annexes can be complied with throughout carriage. Furthermore, all appropriate measures shall be taken, more particularly as regards the temperature of the foodstuffs at the time of loading and as regards icing or re-icing during the journey or other necessary operations. Nevertheless, the provisions of this paragraph shall apply only in so far as they are not incompatible with international undertakings in the matter of international carriage arising for the Contracting Parties by virtue of conventions in force at the time of the entry into force of this Agreement or by virtue of conventions substituted for them.
If during carriage under this Agreement the provisions of paragraph 1 of this article have not been complied with,
the foodstuffs may not be disposed of in the territory of a Contracting Party after completion of carriage unless the competent authorities of that Contracting Party deem it compatible with the requirements of public health to authorize such disposal and unless such conditions as the authorities may attach to the authorization when granting it are fulfilled; and
every Contracting Party may, by reason of the requirements of public health or zooprophylaxis and in so far as it is not incompatible with the other international undertakings referred to in the last sentence of paragraph 1 of this article, prohibit the entry of the foodstuffs into its territory or make their entry subject to such conditions as it may determine.
Compliance with the provisions of paragraph 1 of this article shall be required of carriers for hire or reward only in so far as they have undertaken to procure or provide services intended to ensure such compliance and if such compliance depends on the performance of those services. If other persons, whether individuals or corporate bodies, have undertaken to procure or provide services intended to ensure compliance with the provisions of this Agreement, they shall be required to ensure such compliance in so far as it depends on performance of the service they have undertaken to procure or provide.
During carriage which is subject to the provisions of this Agreement and for which the loading point is situated in the territory of a Contracting Party, responsibility for compliance with the requirements of paragraph 1 of this article shall rest, subject to the provisions of paragraph 3 of this article,
in the case of transport for hire or reward, with the person, whether an individual or a corporate body, who is the consignor according to the transport document or, in the absence of a transport document, with the person, whether an individual or a corporate body, who has entered into the contract of carriage with the carrier;
in other cases with the person, whether an individual or a corporate body, who performs carriage.
The provisions of this Agreement shall not apply to carriage in containers classified as thermal maritime by land without transloading of the goods where such carriage is preceded or followed by a sea crossing other than a sea crossing as referred to in article 3, paragraph 2, of this Agreement.
Each Contracting Party shall take all appropriate measures to ensure observance of the provisions of this Agreement. The competent administrations of the Contracting Parties shall keep one another informed of the general measures taken for this purpose.
If a Contracting Party discovers a breach committed by a person residing in the territory of another Contracting Party, or imposes a penalty upon such a person, the administration of the first Party shall inform the administration of the other Party of the breach discovered and of the penalty imposed.
The Contracting Parties reserve the right to enter into bilateral or multilateral agreements to the effect that provisions applicable to special equipment and provisions applicable to the temperatures at which certain foodstuffs are required to be maintained during carriage may, more particularly by reason of special climatic conditions, be more stringent than those prescribed in this Agreement. Such provisions shall apply only to international carriage between Contracting Parties which have concluded bilateral or multilateral agreements as referred to in this article. Such agreements shall be transmitted to the Secretary-General of the United Nations who shall communicate them to Contracting Parties to this Agreement which are not signatories of the said agreements.
Failure to observe the provisions of this Agreement shall not affect either the existence or the validity of contracts entered into for the performance of carriage.
States members of the Economic Commission for Europe and States admitted to the Commission in a consultative capacity under paragraph 8 of the Commission's terms of reference may become Contracting Parties to this Agreement
by signing it;
by ratifying it after signing it subject to ratification; or
by acceding to it.
States which may participate in certain activities of the Economic Commission for Europe under paragraph 11 of the Commission's terms of reference may become Contracting Parties to this Agreement by acceding thereto after its entry into force.
Any State may at the time of signing this Agreement without reservation as to ratification or of depositing its instrument of ratification or accession or at any time thereafter declare by notification addressed to the Secretary-General of the United Nations that the Agreement does not apply to carriage performed in any or in a particular one of its territories situated outside Europe. If notification as aforesaid is made after the entry into force of the Agreement in respect of the notifying State the Agreement shall, ninety days after the date on which the Secretary-General has received the notification, cease to apply to carriage in the territory or territories named in that notification. New Contracting Parties acceding to ATP as from 30 April 1999 and applying paragraph 1 of this article shall not be entitled to enter any objection to draft amendments in accordance with the procedure provided for in article 18, paragraph 2.
Any State which has made a declaration under paragraph 1 of this article may at any time thereafter declare by notification addressed to the Secretary-General of the United Nations that the Agreement will be applicable to carriage performed in a territory named in the notification made under paragraph 1 of this article and the Agreement shall become applicable to carriage in that territory one hundred and eighty days after the date on which the Secretary-General has received that notification.
This Agreement shall come into force one year after five of the States referred to in its article 9, paragraph 1, have signed it without reservation as to ratification or have deposited their instruments of ratification or accession.
With respect to any State which ratifies, or accedes to, this Agreement after five States have signed it without reservation as to ratification or have deposited their instruments of ratification or accession, this Agreement shall enter into force one year after the said State has deposited its instrument of ratification or accession.
This Agreement shall cease to have effect if the number of Contracting Parties is less than five throughout any period of twelve consecutive months after its entry into force.
Any State may at the time of signing this Agreement without reservation as to ratification or of depositing its instrument of ratification or accession or at any time thereafter declare by notification addressed to the Secretary-General of the United Nations that this Agreement will be applicable to all or any of the territories for the international relations of which that State is responsible. This Agreement shall be applicable to the territory or territories named in the notification as from the ninetieth day after receipt of the notice by the Secretary-General or, if on that day the Agreement has not yet entered into force, as from its entry into force.
Any State which has made a declaration under paragraph 1 of this article making this Agreement applicable to a territory for whose international relations it is responsible may denounce the Agreement separately in respect of that territory in conformity with article 12 hereof.
Any dispute between two or more Contracting Parties concerning the interpretation or application of this Agreement shall so far as possible be settled by negotiation between them.
Any dispute which is not settled by negotiation shall be submitted to arbitration if any one of the Contracting Parties concerned in the dispute so requests and shall be referred accordingly to one or more arbitrators selected by agreement between those Parties. If within three months from the date of the request for arbitration, the Parties concerned in the dispute are unable to agree on the selection of an arbitrator or arbitrators, any of those Parties may request the Secretary-General of the United Nations to designate a single arbitrator to whom the dispute shall be referred for decision.
Any State may, at the time of signing, ratifying, or acceding to, this Agreement, declare that it does not consider itself bound by article 15, paragraphs 2 and 3 of this Agreement. The other Contracting Parties shall not be bound by these paragraphs with respect to any Contracting Party which has entered such a reservation.
After this Agreement has been in force for three years, any Contracting Party may, by notification addressed to the Secretary-General of the United Nations, request that a conference be convened for the purpose of revising this Agreement. The Secretary-General shall notify all Contracting Parties of the request and a revision conference shall be convened by the Secretary-General if, within a period of four months from the date of the notification sent by the Secretary-General, not less than one-third of the Contracting Parties signify their assent to the request.
If a conference is convened in pursuance of paragraph 1 of this article, the Secretary-General shall so advise all the Contracting Parties and invite them to submit within a period of three months, the proposals which they wish the conference to consider. The Secretary-General shall circulate the provisional agenda for the conference, together with the text of such proposals, to all Contracting Parties not less than three months before the date on which the conference is to open.
The Secretary-General shall invite to any conference convened in pursuance of this article all the countries referred to in article 9, paragraph 1, of this Agreement, and also the countries which have become Contracting Parties under the said article 9, paragraph 2.
Any Contracting Party may propose one or more amendments to this Agreement. The text of any proposed amendment shall be communicated to the Secretary-General of the United Nations, who shall communicate it to all Contracting Parties and bring it to the notice of all the other States referred to in article 9, paragraph 1, of this Agreement. The Secretary-General may also propose amendments to this Agreement or to its Annexes which have been transmitted to him by the Working Party on the Transport of Perishable Foodstuffs of the Inland Transport Committee of the Economic Commission for Europe
Within a period of six months following the date on which the proposed amendment is communicated by the Secretary-General, any Contracting Party may inform the Secretary-General
that it has an objection to the amendment proposed; or
that, although it intends to accept the proposal, the conditions necessary for such acceptance are not yet fulfilled in its country.
If a Contracting Party sends the Secretary-General a communication as provided for in paragraph 2 (b) of this article, it may, so long as it has not notified the Secretary-General of its acceptance, submit an objection to the proposed amendment within a period of nine months following the expiry of the period of six months prescribed in respect of the initial communication.
If an objection to the proposed amendment is stated in accordance with the terms of paragraphs 2 and 3 of this article, the amendment shall be deemed not to have been accepted and shall be of no effect.
If no objection to the proposed amendment has been stated in accordance with paragraphs 2 and 3 of this article, the amendment shall be deemed to have been accepted on the date specified below:
if no Contracting Party has sent a communication to the Secretary-General in accordance with paragraph 2 (b) of this article, on the expiry of the period of six months referred to in paragraph 2 of this article;
if at least one Contracting Party has sent a communication to the Secretary-General in accordance with paragraph 2 (b) of this article, on the earlier of the following two dates:
the date by which all the Contracting Parties which sent such communications have notified the Secretary-General of their acceptance of the proposed amendment, subject however to the proviso that if all the acceptances were notified before the expiry of the period of six months referred to in paragraph 2 of this article the date shall be the date of expiry of that period;
the date of expiry of the period of nine months referred to in paragraph 3 of this article.
Any amendment deemed to be accepted shall enter into force six months after the date on which it was deemed to be accepted.
The Secretary-General shall as soon as possible inform all Contracting Parties whether an objection to the proposed amendment has been stated in accordance with paragraph 2 (a) of this article and whether one or more Contracting Parties have sent him a communication in accordance with paragraph 2 (b) of this article. If one or more Contracting Parties have sent him such a communication, he shall subsequently inform all the Contracting Parties whether the Contracting Party or Parties which have sent such a communication raise an objection to the proposed amendment or accept it.
Independently of the amendment procedure laid down in paragraphs 1 to 6 of this article, the annexes and appendices to this Agreement may be modified by agreement between the competent administrations of all the Contracting Parties. If the administration of a Contracting Party has stated that under its national law its agreement is contingent on special authorization or on the approval of a legislative body, the consent of the Contracting Party concerned to the modification of an annex shall not be deemed to have been given until the Contracting Party has notified the Secretary-General that the necessary authorization or approval has been obtained. The agreement between the competent administrations may provide that, during a transitional period, the old annexes shall remain in force, wholly or in part, concurrently with the new annexes. The Secretary-General shall specify the date of the entry into force of the new texts resulting from such modifications.
In addition to communicating to them the notifications provided for in articles 17 and 18 of this Agreement, the Secretary-General of the United Nations shall notify the States referred to in article 9, paragraph 1, of this Agreement and the States which have become Contracting Parties under article 9, paragraph 2, of:
signatures, ratifications and accessions under article 9;
the dates of entry into force of this Agreement pursuant to article 11;
denunciations under article 12;
the termination of this Agreement under article 13;
notifications received under articles 10 and 14;
declarations and notifications received under article 16, paragraphs 1 and 2;
the entry into force of any amendment pursuant to article 18.
After 31 May 1971, the original of this Agreement shall be deposited with the Secretary-General of the United Nations, who shall transmit certified true copies to each of the States mentioned in article 9, paragraphs 1 and 2, of this Agreement.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned, being duly authorized thereto, have signed this Agreement.
DONE at Geneva, this first day of September, one thousand nine hundred and seventy, in a single copy, in the English, French and Russian languages, the three texts being equally authentic.
Equipment of which the body2) In the case of tank equipment, the term “body” means, under this definition, the tank itself.is built with insulating walls, doors, floor and roof, by which heat exchanges between the inside and outside of the body can be so limited that the overall coefficient of heat transfer (K coefficient), is such that the equipment is assignable to one or other of the following two categories:
IN = Normally insulated equipment - characterized by a K coefficient equal to or less than 0.70 W/m2.K
IR: heavily insulated equipment characterized by:
a K-coefficient equal to or less than 0.40 W/m2.K;
a wall thickness of at least 45 mm in the case of transport equipment wider than 2.50 m.
However, this second condition is not required for the transport equipment designed before the date of entry into force of this amendment and manufactured before that date or during the period of three years following that date'.
The definition of the K coefficient and a description of the method to be used in measuring it, are given in appendix 2 to this annex.
Insulated equipment which, using a source of cold (natural ice, with or without the addition of salt; eutectic plates; dry ice, with or without sublimation control; liquefied gases, with or without evaporation control; etc.) other than a mechanical or “absorption” unit, is capable, with a mean outside temperature of +30°C, of lowering the temperature inside the empty body to, and thereafter maintaining it:
At +7°C maximum in the case of class A;
At -10°C maximum in the case of class B;
At -20°C maximum in the case of class C; and
At 0°C maximum in the case of class D.
with the aid of appropriate refrigerants and fittings. Such equipment shall comprise one or more compartments, receptacles or tanks for the refrigerant. The said compartments, receptacles or tanks shall:
be capable of being filled or refilled from the outside; and
have a capacity in conformity with the provisions of annex 1, appendix 2, paragraph 34.
The K coefficient of equipment of classes B and C shall in every case be equal to or less than 0.40 W/m2.K.
Insulated equipment either fitted with its own refrigerating appliance, or served jointly with other units of transport equipment by such an appliance, (mechanical compressor unit, “absorption” unit, etc.). The appliance shall be capable, with a mean outside temperature of +30°C, of lowering the temperature inside the empty body to, and thereafter maintaining it continuously in the following manner at:
In the case of classes A, B and C, any desired practically constant value t1 in conformity with the standards defined below for the three classes:
Class A.
Mechanically refrigerated equipment fitted with a refrigerating appliance such that t1 may be chosen between +12°C and 0°C inclusive.
Class B.
Mechanically refrigerated equipment fitted with a refrigerating appliance such that t1 may be chosen between +12°C and –10°C inclusive.
Class C.
Mechanically refrigerated equipment fitted with a refrigerating appliance such that t1 may be chosen between +12°C and –20°C inclusive.
In the case of classes D, E and F a fixed practically constant value t1 in conformity with the standards defined below for the three classes:
Class D.
Mechanically refrigerated equipment fitted with a refrigerating appliance such that t1 is equal to or less than 0°C.
Class E.
Mechanically refrigerated equipment fitted with a refrigerating appliance such that t1 is equal to or less than –10°C.
Class F.
Mechanically refrigerated equipment fitted with a refrigerating appliance such that t1 is equal to or less than –20°C.
The K coefficient of equipment of classes B, C, E and F shall in every case be equal to or less than 0.40 W/m2.K.
Insulated equipment fitted with a heat-producing appliance which is capable of raising the temperature inside the empty body to, and thereafter maintaining it for not less than 12 hours without renewal of supply at, a practically constant value of not less than + 12°C when the mean outside temperature of the body is that indicated below for the two classes:
Class A.
Heated equipment for use when the mean outside temperature is –10°C; and
Class B.
Heated equipment for use when the mean outside temperature is –20°C.
The K coefficient of equipment of class B shall in every case be equal to or less than 0.40 W/m2.K.
For a period of 3 years following the date of entry into force of this Agreement in conformity with the provisions of article 11, paragraph 1 thereof, the overall coefficient of heat transfer (K coefficient) may, in the case of equipment already in service at that date, be equal to or less than
0,90 W/m2.K
in the case of insulated equipment in category In, refrigerated equipment in class A, all mechanically refrigerated equipment, and heated equipment in class A; and
0,60 W/m2.K
in the case of refrigerated equipment in classes B and C and heated equipment in class B.
Moreover, after the period of 3 years referred to in the first subparagraph of this paragraph and until the equipment is finally withdrawn from service, the K coefficient of the mechanically refrigerated equipment in question of classes B, C, E and F may be equal to or less than 0.70 W/m2.K.
These transitional provisions shall not, however, preclude the application of any stricter regulations enacted by certain States for equipment registered in their own territory.
Checks for conformity with the standards prescribed in this annex shall be made:
before the equipment is put into service;
periodically, at least once every six years;
whenever required by the competent authority.
Except in the cases provided for in appendix 2, paragraphs 29 and 49, to this annex, the checks shall be made at a testing station designated or approved by the competent authority of the country in which the equipment is registered or recorded, unless, in the case of the check referred to in a) above, a check has already been made on the equipment itself or on its prototype in a testing station designated or approved by the competent authority of the country in which the equipment was manufactured.
New equipment of a specific type serially produced may be approved by testing one unit of that type. If the unit tested fulfils the requirements prescribed for the class to which it is presumed to belong, the test report shall be regarded as a Type Approval Certificate. This certificate shall expire at the end of a period of six years beginning from the date of completion of the test.
The date of expiry of test reports shall be stated in months and years.
The competent authority shall take steps to verify that production of other units is in conformity with the approved type. For this purpose it may check by testing sample units drawn at random from the production series.
A unit shall not be regarded as being of the same type as the unit tested unless it satisfies the following minimum conditions:
if it is insulated equipment, in which case the reference equipment may be insulated, refrigerated, mechanically refrigerated or heated equipment,
the construction shall be comparable and, in particular, the insulating material and the method of insulation shall be identical;
the thickness of the insulating material shall be not less than that of the reference equipment;
the interior fittings shall be identical or simplified;
the number of doors and the number of hatches or other openings shall be the same or less; and
the inside surface area of the body shall not be as much as 20 per cent greater or smaller;
if it is refrigerated equipment, in which case the reference equipment shall be refrigerated equipment,
the conditions set out under (i) above shall be satisfied;
inside ventilation appliances shall be comparable;
the source of cold shall be identical; and
the reserve of cold per unit of inside surface area shall be greater or equal;
If it is mechanically refrigerated equipment, in which case the reference equipment shall be either:
mechanically refrigerated equipment
the conditions set out in (i) above shall be satisfied; and
the effective refrigerating capacity of the mechanical refrigeration appliance per unit of inside surface area, under the same temperature conditions, shall be greater or equal.”
or
insulated equipment to which it is intended to have fitted, at a later date, a mechanical refrigeration unit and which is complete in every detail but with the refrigeration unit removed and the aperture filled, during the measurement of the K coefficient, with close fitting panels of the same overall thickness and type of insulation as is fitted to the front wall. In which case:
the conditions set out in (i) above shall be satisfied; and
the effective refrigerating capacity of the mechanical refrigeration unit fitted to insulated reference equipment shall be as defined in Annex 1, Appendix 2, Para 41;
if it is heated equipment, in which case the reference equipment may be insulated or heated equipment,
the conditions set out under (i) above shall be satisfied;
the source of heat shall be identical; and
the capacity of the heating appliance per unit of inside surface area shall be greater or equal.
If, in the course of the six-year period, the production series exceeds 100 units, the competent authority shall determine the percentage of units to be tested.
The methods and procedures to be used in checking for compliance with the standards are described in appendix 2 to this annex.
A certificate of compliance with the standards shall be issued by the competent authority of the country in which the equipment is to be registered and recorded on a form conforming to the model reproduced in appendix 3 to this annex. In the case of equipment transferred to another country which is a Contracting Party to ATP it shall be accompanied by the following documents so that the competent authority of the country in which the equipment is to be registered or recorded shall issue an ATP certificate:
in all cases the test report - of the equipment itself or, in the case of serially produced equipment, of the reference equipment;
in all cases the ATP certificate issued by the competent authority of the country of manufacture or, for equipment in service, the competent authority of the country of registration. This certificate will be treated as a provisional certificate valid, if necessary, for three months.
in the case of serially produced equipment, the technical specification of the equipment to be certified (this specification must cover the same items as the descriptive pages concerning the equipment which appear in the test report and must be drawn up in at least one of the three official languages).
In the case of equipment transferred after it has been in use, the equipment may be subject to a visual inspection to confirm its identity before the competent authority of the country in which it is to be registered or recorded issues a certificate of compliance. The certificate or a certified true photographic copy thereof shall be carried on the equipment during carriage and be produced whenever so required by the control authorities. However, if the certification plate reproduced in appendix 3 to this annex is fixed to the equipment the said plate shall be recognised as equivalent to an ATP certificate. The said certification plate shall be removed as soon as the equipment ceases to conform to the standards laid down in this annex. If equipment cannot be designated as belonging to a category or class except by virtue of the transitional provisions contained in paragraph 5 of this annex, the validity of the certificate issued for such equipment shall be limited to the period laid down in the said transitional provisions.
Distinguishing marks and particulars shall be affixed to the equipment in conformity with the provisions of appendix 4 to this annex. They shall be removed as soon as the equipment ceases to conform to the standards laid down in this annex.
The insulated bodies of “insulated”, “refrigerated”, “mechanically refrigerated” or “heated” transport equipment and their thermal appliances shall each bear permanent distinguisting marks affixed by the manufacturer and including at least the following particulars:
Country of manufacture or letters used in international road traffic;
Name of manufacturer or company;
Model (figures and/or letters);
Serial number;
Month and year of manufacture.
‘K COEFFICIENT’ The overall coefficient of heat transfer (K coefficient) which represents the insulating capacity of the equipment, is defined by the following formula:
where W is the thermal capacity required in a body of mean surface area S to maintain the absolute difference ∆ θ between the mean inside temperature θi and the mean outside temperature θe, during continuous operation, when the mean outside temperature θe is constant.
The mean surface area S of the body is the geometric mean of the inside surface area Si and the outside surface area Se of the body
In determining the two surface areas Si and Se, structural peculiarities and surface irregularities of the body, such as round-offs, wheel-arches and the like, shall be taken into account and shall be noted under the appropriate heading in the test report prescribed hereunder; however, if the body is covered with corrugated sheet metal the area considered shall be that of the plane surface occupied thereby, not that of the developed corrugated surface.
In the case of parallelepipedic bodiesthe mean inside temperature of the body (θi) is the arithmetic mean of the temperatures measured 10 cm from the walls at the following 12 points:
the 8 inside corners of the body; and
the centres of the 4 inside faces having the largest area.
If the body is not parallelepipedic, the 12 points of measurement shall be distributed as satisfactorily as possible having regard to the shape of the body.
In the case of parallelepipedic bodies,the mean outside temperature of the body (θe) is the arithmetic mean of the temperatures measured 10 cm from the walls at the following 12 points:
the 8 outside corners of the body;
the centres of the 4 outside faces having the largest area.
If the body is not parallelepipedic, the 12 points of measurement shall be distributed as satisfactorily as possible having regard to the shape of the body.
The mean temperature of the walls of the body is the arithmetic mean of the mean outside temperature of the body and the mean inside temperature of the body
The mean outside temperatures and the mean inside temperatures of the body, taken over a steady period of not less than 12 hours, shall not vary by more than ± 0,3° C, and these temperatures shall not vary by more than ± 1,0° C during the preceding 6 hours.
The difference between the thermal capacity measured over two periods of not less than 3 hours at the start and at the end of the steady state period, and separated by at least 6 hours, shall be less than 3%.
The mean values of the temperatures and thermal capacity over at least the last 6 hours of the steady state period will be used in K co-efficient calculation.
The mean internal and external temperatures at the beginning and the end of the calculation period of at least 6 hours shall not differ by more than 0,2° C.
Procedures for measuring the K coefficient
Equipment other than liquid-foodstuffs tanks
Insulating capacity shall be measured in continuous operation either by the internal cooling method or by the internal heating method. In either case, the empty body shall be placed in an insulated chamber.
Whatever the method employed, the mean temperature of the insulated chamber shall throughout the test be kept uniform, and constant to within ± 0.5°C, at a level such that the temperature difference between the inside of the equipment and the insulated chamber is 25 C ± 2° C, the mean temperature of the walls of the body being maintained at + 20°C ± 0,5° C.
When the over-all coefficient of heat transfer (K coefficient) is being determined by the internal cooling method, the dew point in the atmosphere of the insulated chamber shall be maintained at + 25°C ± 2°C. During the test, whether by the internal cooling method or by the internal heating method, the atmosphere of the chamber shall be made to circulate continuously so that the speed of movement of the air 10 cm from the walls is maintained at between 1 and 2 metres/second.
Where the internal cooling method is applied, one or more heat exchangers shall be placed inside the body. The surface area of these exchangers shall be such that if a fluid at a temperature not lower than 0°C1) To prevent frosting.passes through them the mean inside temperature of the body remains below + 10°C when continuous operation has been established. Where the internal heating method is applied, electrical heating appliances (resistors and the like) shall be used. The heat exchangers or electrical heating appliances shall be fitted with an air blower having a delivery rate sufficient to obtain 40 to 70 air charges per hour related to the empty volume of the tested body, and the air distribution around all interval surfaces of the tested body shall be sufficient to ensure that the maximum difference between the temperatures of any two of the 14 points specified in paragraph 3 of this appendix does not exceed 2°C when continuous operation has been established.
Temperature measuring instruments protected against radiation shall be placed inside and outside the body at the points specified in paragraphs 3 and 4 of this appendix.
The appliances for generating and distributing cold or heat and for measuring the quantity of cold or heat exchanged and the heat equivalent of the air-circulating fans shall be started up. Electrical cable losses between the heat input measuring instrument and the tested body shall be established by a measurement or calculation and subtracted from the total heat input measured
When continuous operation has been established, the maximum difference between the temperatures at the warmest and at the coldest points on the outside of the body shall not exceed 2°C.
The mean outside temperature and the mean inside temperature of the body shall each be read not less than 4 times per hour.
The test shall be continued as long as is necessary to ensure that operation is continuous (see paragraph 6 of this appendix). If not all measurements are automatic and recorded, the test shall be continued for a period of 8 consecutive hours in order to make sure that operation is continuous and to take the definitive readings.
Liquid-foodstuffs tanks
The method described below applies only to single-compartment or multiple-compartment tank equipment intended solely for the carriage of liquid foodstuffs such as milk. Each compartment of such tanks shall have at least one manhole and one discharge-pipe connecting socket; where there are several compartments they shall be separated from one another by non-insulated vertical partitions.
Insulating capacity shall be tested in continuous operation by internal heating of the empty tank in an insulated chamber.
Throughout the test, the average temperature of the insulated chamber must be kept uniform and constant to within ± 0,5° C, at a level such that the difference in temperature between the inside of the equipment and the insulated chamber is not less than 25° C ± 2° C, with the average temperature of the body walls being kept at + 20° C ± 0,5° C.
For a period of one year after this amendment comes into force, the officially-recognized testing stations may correct with the calculation the measured value of the K coefficient, and make it refer to an average wall temperature of +20° C
The atmosphere of the chamber shall be made to circulate continuously so that the speed of movement of the air 10 cm from the walls is maintained at between 1 and 2 metres/second.
A heat exchanger shall be placed inside the tank. If the tank has several compartments, a heat exchanger shall be placed in each compartment. The exchangers shall be fitted with electrical resistors and a fan with a delivery rate sufficient to ensure that the difference between the maximum temperature and the minimum temperature inside each compartment does not exceed 3°C when continuous operation has been established. If the tank comprises several compartments, the difference between the mean temperature in the coldest compartment and the mean temperature in the warmest compartment shall not exceed 2°C, the temperatures being measured as specified in paragraph 21 of this appendix.
Temperature measuring instruments protected against radiation shall be placed inside and outside the tank 10 cm from the walls, as follows:
If the tank has only one compartment, measurements shall be made at a minimum of 12 points positioned as follows:
the 4 extremities of 2 diameters at right angles to one another, one horizontal and the other vertical, near each of the 2 ends of the tank;
the 4 extremities of 2 diameters at right angles to one another, inclined at an angle of 45° to the horizontal, in the axial plane of the tank.
If the tank has several compartments, the point of measurement shall be as follows:
for each of the 2 end compartments, at least the following:
the extremities of a horizontal diameter near the end and the extremities of a vertical diameter near the partition;
and for each of the other compartments, at least the following:
the extremities of a diameter inclined at an angle of 45° to the horizontal near one of the partitions and the extremities of a diameter perpendicular to the first and near the other partition.
The mean inside temperature and the mean outside temperature of the tank shall respectivily be the arithmetic mean of all the measurements taken inside and all the measurements taken outside the tank. In the case of a tank having several compartments, the mean inside temperature of each compartment shall be the arithmetic mean of the measurements, numbering not less than 4, relating to that compartment.
The appliances for heating and circulating the air and for measuring the quantity of heat exchanged and the heat equivalent of the air-circulating fans shall be started up.
When continuous operation has been established, the maximum difference between the temperatures at the warmest and at the coldest points on the outside of the tank shall not exceed 2°C.
The mean outside temperature and the mean inside temperature of the tank shall each be read not less than 4 times per hour.
The test shall be continued as long as is necessary to ensure that operation is continuous (see paragraph 6 of this appendix). If not all measurements are automatic and recorded, the test shall be continued for a period of 8 consecutive hours in order to make sure that operation is continuous and to take the definitive readings.
Provisions common to all types of insulated equipment
Verification of the K coefficient
Where the purpose of the tests is not to determine the K coefficient but simply to verify that it is below a certain limit, the tests carried out as described in paragraphs 7 to 25 of this appendix may be stopped as soon as the measurements made show that the K coefficient meets the requirements.
Accuracy of measurements of the K coefficient
Testing stations shall be provided with the equipment and instruments necessary to ensure that the K coefficient is determined with a maximum margin of error of ± 10% when using the method of internal cooling and ± 5% when using the method of internal heating.
Test reports
A test report consisting of
Part 1 conforming to model No. 1 A or 1 B below; and
Part 2 conforming to model No. 2 A or 2 B below
shall be drawn up for each test of an item of equipment.
Checking the insulating capacity of equipment in service
For the purpose of checking the insulating capacity of each piece of equipment in service as prescribed in appendix 1, paragraphs 1 (b) and 1(c), to this annex, the competent authorities may:
apply the methods described in paragraphs 7 to 27 of this appendix; or
appoint experts to assess the fitness of the equipment for retention in one or other of the categories of insulated equipment. These experts shall take the following particulars into account and shall base their conclusions on the criteria set forth hereunder:
General examination of the equipment
This examination shall take the form of an inspection of the equipment to determine the following in the following order:
the general design of the insulating sheathing;
the method of application of insulation;
the nature and condition of the walls;
the condition of the insulated compartment;
the thickness of the walls;
and to make all appropriate observations concerning the insulating capacity of the equipment. For this purpose the experts may cause parts of the equipment to be dismantled and require all documents they may need to consult (plans, test reports, specifications, invoices, etc.) to be placed at their disposal.
Examination for air-tightness (not applicable to tank equipments)
The inspection shall be made by an observer stationed inside the equipment, which shall be placed in a brightly-illuminated area. Any method yielding more accurate results may be used.
Decisions
If the conclusions regarding the general condition of the body are favourable, the equipment may be kept in service as insulated equipment of its initial class for a further period of not more than 3 years. If the conclusions of the expert or experts are unfavourable, the equipment may be kept in service only if it passes at a testing station the tests described in paragraphs 7 to 27 of this appendix; it may then be kept in service for a further period of 6 years.
In the case of heavily insulated equipment, if the conclusions of an expert or experts show the body to be unsuitable for keeping in service in its initial class but suitable for continuing in service as normally insulated equipment, then the body may be kept in service in an appropriate class for a further three years. In this case, the distinguishing marks (as in Appendix 4 of this Annex) shall be changed appropriately.
If the equipment consists of units of serially-produced equipment of a particular type satisfying the requirements of appendix 1, paragraph 2, to this annex and belonging to one owner, then in addition to an inspection of each unit of equipment the K coefficient of not less than 1% of the number of units may be measured in conformity with the provisions of paragraphs 7 to 27 of this appendix. If the results of the examinations and measurements are favourable, all the equipment in question may be kept in service as insulating equipment of its initial class for a further period of 6 years.
Test reports
A test report consisting of
Part 1 conforming to model No. 1 A or 1 B below; and
Part 2 conforming to model No. 3 below
shall be drawn up for each test of an item of equipment by an expert.
Transitional provisions applicable to new equipment
For 4 years from the date of the entry into force of this Agreement in conformity with the provisions of article 11, paragraph 1 thereof, if owing to lack of testing stations the K coefficient of equipment cannot be measured by the procedures described in paragraphs 7 to 27 of this appendix, the compliance of new insulated equipment with the standards prescribed in this annex may be verified by applying the provisions of paragraph 29 and, in addition, evaluating the insulating capacity in the light of the following consideration:
The insulating material of the main components (side walls, floor, roof, hatches, doors, etc.) of the equipment shall be of a substantially uniform thickness exceeding in metre-length terms the figure obtained by dividing the coefficient of thermal conductivity of the material in a humid environment by the K coefficient required for the category in which inclusion of the equipment is requested.
Procedures for determining the efficiency of thermal appliances of equipment
The efficiency of the thermal appliances of equipment shall be determined by the methods described in paragraphs 32 to 47 of this appendix.
Refrigerated equipment
The empty equipment shall be placed in an insulated chamber whose mean temperature shall be kept uniform, and constant to within ± 0.5°C, at + 30°C. The atmosphere of the chamber, which shall be kept humid by regulating the dew point to + 23°C ± 2°C, shall be made to circulate as described in paragraph 9 of this appendix.
Temperature measuring instruments protected against radiation shall be placed inside and outside the body at the points specified in paragraphs 3 and 4 of this appendix.
In the case of equipment other than equipment with fixed eutectic plates, and equipment fitted with liquid gas systems, the maximum weight of refrigerant specified by the manufacturer or which can normally be accommodated shall be loaded into the spaces provided when the mean inside temperature of the body has reached the mean outside temperature of the body (+30°C). Doors, hatches and other openings shall be closed and the inside ventilation appliances, if any, of the equipment shall be started up at maximum capacity. In addition, in the case of new equipment, a heating appliance with a heating capacity equal to 35 per cent of the heat exchanged through the walls in continuous operation shall be started up inside the body when the temperature prescribed for the class to which the equipment is presumed to belong has been reached. No additional refrigerant shall be loaded during the test.
In the case of equipment with fixed eutectic plates the test shall comprise a preliminary phase of freezing of the eutectic solution. For this purpose, when the mean inside temperature of the body and the temperature of the plates have reached the mean outside temperature (+30°C), the plate-cooling appliance shall be put into operation for 18 consecutive hours after closure of the doors and hatches. If the plate-cooling appliance includes a cyclically-operating mechanism the total duration of operation of the appliance shall be 24 hours. In the case of new equipment, as soon as the cooling appliance is stopped a heating appliance with a heating capacity equal to 35 per cent of the heat exchanged through the walls in continuous operation shall be started up inside the body when the temperature prescribed for the class to which the equipment is presumed to belong has been reached. The solution shall not be subjected to any re-freezing operation during the test.
In the case of equipment fitted with liquid gas systems, the following test procedure shall be used: when the mean inside temperature of the body has reached the mean outside temperature (+30°C), the receptacles for the liquefied gas are filled to the level prescribed by the manufacturer. Then the doors, hatches and other openings shall be closed as in normal operations and the inside ventilation appliances, if any, of the equipment shall be started up at maximum capacity. The thermostat shall be set at a temperature not more than 2 degrees below the limit temperature of the presumed class of the equipment. Cooling of the body then shall be commenced. During the cooling of the body the refrigerant consumed is simultaneously replaced. This replacement shall be effected:
either for a time corresponding to the interval between the commencement of cooling and the moment when the temperature prescribed for the class to which the equipment is presumed to belong is reached for the first time,
or for a duration of three hours counting from the commencement of cooling
whichever is the shorter.
Beyond this period, no additional refrigerant shall be loaded during the test.
In the case of new equipment, a heating appliance with a heating capacity equal to 35 per cent of the heat exchanged through the walls in continuous operation shall be started up inside the body when the class temperature has been reached.
The mean outside temperature and the mean inside temperature of the body shall each be read not less often than once every 30 minutes.
The test shall be continued for 12 hours after the mean inside temperature of the body has reached the lower limit prescribed for the class to which the equipment is presumed to belong (A = +7°C; B = -10°C; C = -20°C; D = 0°C) or, in the case of equipment with fixed eutectic plates, after stoppage of the cooling appliance. The test shall be deemed satisfactory if the mean inside temperature of the body does not exceed the aforesaid lower limit during the aforesaid period of 12 hours.
Mechanically refrigerated equipment
The test shall be carried out in the conditions described in paragraphs 32 and 33 of this appendix.
When the mean inside temperature of the body reaches the outside temperature ( + 30°C), the doors, hatches and other openings shall be closed and the refrigerating appliance and the inside ventilating appliances (if any) shall be started up at maximum capacity. In addition, in the case of new equipment a heating appliance with a heating capacity equal to 35% of the heat exchanged through the walls in continuous operation shall be started up inside the body when the temperature prescribed for the class to which the equipment is presumed to belong has been reached.
The mean outside temperature and the mean inside temperature of the body shall each be read not less often than once every 30 minutes.
The test shall be continued for 12 hours after the mean inside temperature of the body has reached:
either the lower limit prescribed for the class to which the equipment is presumed to belong in the case of classes A, B and C (A = 0°C) B = – 10°C; C = – 20°C); or
a level not lower than the upper limit prescribed for the class to which the equipment is presumed to belong in the case of classes D, E and F (D = 0°C; E = -10°C; F = -20°C).
The test shall be deemed satisfactory if the refrigerating appliance is able to maintain the prescribed temperature conditions during the 12 hours aforesaid, periods, if any, of automatic defrosting of the refrigerating unit not being taken into account.
If the refrigerating appliance with all its accessories has undergone separately, to the satisfaction of the competent authority, a test to determine its effective refrigerating capacity at the prescribed reference temperatures, the transport equipment may be accepted as mechanically refrigerated equipment without undergoing an efficiency test if the effective refrigerating capacity of the appliance in continuous operation exceeds the heat loss through the walls for the class under consideration, multiplied by the factor 1.75.
If the mechanically refrigerating unit is replaced by a unit of a different type, the competent authority may:
require the equipment to undergo the determinations and verifications prescribed in paragraphs 37 to 40; or
satisfy itself that the effective refrigerating capacity of the new mechanically refrigerating unit is, at the temperature prescribed for equipment of the class concerned, at least equal to that of the unit replaced; or
satisfy itself that the effective refrigerating capacity of the new mechanically refrigerating unit meets the requirements of paragraph 41.
Heated equipment
The empty equipment shall be placed in an insulated chamber whose temperature shall be kept uniform and constant at as low a level as possible. The atmosphere of the chamber shall be made to circulate as described in paragraph 9 of this appendix.
Temperature measuring instruments protected against radiation shall be placed inside and outside the body at the points specified in paragraphs 3 and 4 of this appendix.
Doors, hatches and other openings shall be closed and the heating equipment and the inside ventilating appliances, if any, shall be started up at maximum capacity.
The mean outside temperature and the mean inside temperature of the body shall each be read not less often than once every 30 minutes.
The test shall be continued for 12 hours after the difference between the mean inside temperature and the mean outside temperature of the body has reached the level corresponding to the conditions prescribed for the class to which the equipment is presumed to belong, increased by 35% in the case of new equipment. The test shall be deemed satisfactory if the heating appliance is able to maintain the prescribed temperature difference during the 12 hours aforesaid.
Test report
A test report consisting of
Part 1 conforming to model No. 1 A or B below, if this has not already been prepared for a test report under paragraph 28; and
Part 3 conforming to model No. 4 A, 4 B, 4 C, 5 or 6 below shall be drawn up for each test of an item of equipment.
Verifying the efficiency of thermal appliances of equipment in service
To verify as prescribed in appendix 1, paragraphs 1(b) and 1(c), to this annex the efficiency of the thermal appliance, of each item of refrigerated, mechanically refrigerated or heated equipment in service, the competent authorities may:
apply the methods described in paragraphs 32 to 47 of this appendix; or
appoint experts to apply the following provisions:
Refrigerated equipment other than equipment with fixed eutectic accumulators
It shall be verified that the inside temperature of the empty equipment, previously brought to the outside temperature, can be brought to the limit temperature of the class to which the equipment belongs, as prescribed in this annex 1, and maintained below the said limit
the difference between + 30°C and the said limit temperature, and ∆ θ1 is the difference between the mean outside temperature during the test and the aforesaid limit temperature, the outside temperature being not lower than + 15°C. If the results are favourable, the equipment may be kept in service as refrigerated equipment of its initial class for a further period of not more than 3 years.
Mechanically refrigerated equipment
It shall be varified that, when the outside temperature is not lower than + 15°C, the inside temperature of the empty equipment, which has been previously brought to the outside temperature can be brought, within a maximum period of 6 hours:
in the case of equipment in classes A, B or C, to the minimum temperature, as prescribed in this annex,
in the ease of equipment in classes D, E or F, to the limit temperature, as prescribed in this annex.
If the results are favourable, the equipment may be kept in service as mechanically refrigerated equipment of its initial class for a further period of not more than 3 years.
Heated equipment
It shall be verified that the difference between the inside temperature of the equipment and the outside temperature which governs the class to which the equipment belongs as prescribed in this annex, (a difference of 22°C in the case of class A and of 32°C in the case of class B) can be achieved and be maintained for not less than 12 hours. If the results are favourable, the equipment may be kept in service as heated equipment, of its initial class for a further period of not more than 3 years.
Provisions common to refrigerated, mechanically refrigerated and heated equipment
If the results are unfavourable, refrigerated, mechanically refrigerated or heated equipment may be kept in service in its initial class only if it passes at a testing station the tests described in paragraphs 32 to 47 of this appendix; it may then be kept in service in its initial class for a further period of 6 years.
If the equipment consists of units of serially-produced refrigerated, mechanically refrigerated or heated equipment of a particular type satisfying the requirements of appendix 1, paragraph 2 to this annex and belonging to one owner, then in addition to an inspection of the thermal appliances to ensure that their general condition appears to be satisfactory, the efficiency of the cooling or heating appliances of not less than 1% of the number of units may be determined at a testing station in conformity with the provisions of paragraphs 32 to 47 of this appendix. If the results of the examinations and of the determination of efficiency are favourable, all the equipment in question may be kept in service in its initial class for a further period of 6 years.
Test reports
A test report consisting of
Part 1 conforming to model No. 1 A or 1B below, if this has not already been prepared for a test report under paragraph 29 (d); and Part 3 conforming to model No. 7, 8 or 9 below
shall be drawn up for each test of an item of equipment by an expert.
Transitional provisions applicable to new equipment
For 4 years from the date of the entry into force of this Agreement in conformity with the provisions of article 11, paragraph 1 thereof, if owing to lack of testing stations the efficiency of the thermal appliances of equipment cannot be determined by the procedures described in paragraphs 32 to 47 of this appendix, the compliance with the standards of new refrigerated, mechanically refrigerated or heated equipment may be verified by applying the provisions of paragraph 49 of this appendix.
Procedure for measuring the effective refrigerating capacity Wo of a unit when the evaporator is free from frost
At each equilibrium temperature, this capacity is equal to the sum of the heat flow U.AΘ flowing through the walls of the calorimeter box or unit of transport equipment to which the refrigeration unit is attached and the heating power Wj which is dissipated in the interior of the body by the fan heater unit:
Wo = Wj + U.ΔΘ
The refrigeration unit is fitted to either a calorimeter box, or a unit of transport equipment.
In each case, the overall heat transfer is measured at a single mean wall temperature prior to the capacity test. An arithmetical correction factor, based upon the test and the experience of the testing station is made to take into account the average temperature of the walls at each thermal equilibrium during the determination of the effective refrigerating capacity.
It is preferable to use a calibrated calorimeter box to obtain maximum accuracy.
Measurements and procedure shall be as described in paragraphs 1 to 15 above; however, it is sufficient to measure U directly, the value of this co-efficient being defined by the following relationship:
where:
W is the heating power dissipated by the internal heater and fans;
ΔΘm is the difference between the mean internal temperature Θi and the mean external temperature Θe;
U is the heat flow per unit of time and per degree of difference between the air temperature inside and outside the calorimeter box or unit of transport equipment measured with the refrigeration unit fitted.
The calorimeter or unit of transport equipment is placed in a test chamber. If a calorimeter box is used, U.ΔΘ should be not more than 35% of the total heat flow Wo. The calorimeter box or unit of transport equipment shall be heavily insulated
The following method may, if necessary, be used both for reference equipment and for tests on series manufactured equipment. In this case, the effective refrigerating capacity is measured by multiplying the mass flow (m) of the refrigerant liquid by the difference in enthalpy between the refrigerant vapour leaving the unit (ho) and the liquid at the inlet to the unit (hi). To obtain the effective refrigerating capacity, the heating power produced by the air circulating fans (Wf) is deducted. It is difficult to measure Wf if the air circulating fans are driven by an external motor, in this particular case the enthalpy method is not recommended. When the fans are driven by internal electric motors, the electrical power is measured by appropriate instruments with an accuracy of ± 3%.
The heat balance is given by the formula:
W0 = (h0– hi)m – Wf.
Appropriate methods are described in standards ISO 971, BS 3122, DIN, NEN, etc. An electric heater is placed inside the equipment in order to obtain the thermal equilibrium.
Instrumentation
Test stations shall be equipped with instruments to measure the U value to an accuracy of ± 5%. Heat transfer through air leakage should not exceed 5% of the total heat transfer through the calorimeter box or through the unit of transport equipment. The refrigerating capacity shall be determined with an accuracy of 5%.
The instrumentation of the calorimeter box or unit of transport equipment shall conform to paragraphs 3 and 4 above. The following are to be measured:
|
(a) Air temperatures: |
At least 4 thermometers uniformly distributed at the inlet to the evaporator; At least 4 thermometers uniformly distributed at the outlet from the evaporator; At least four thermometers uniformly distributed at the air inlet(s) to the refrigeration unit; The thermometers shall be protected against radiation. The accuracy of the temperature measuring system shall be 0.2 K. |
|
(b) energy consumption: |
Instruments shall be provided to measure the electrical energy or fuel consumption of the refrigeration unit. The electrical energy and fuel consumption shall be determined with an accuracy of 0.5%. |
|
(c) speed of rotation: |
Instruments shall be provided to measure the speed of rotation of the compressors and circulating fans or to allow these speeds to be calculated where direct measurement is impractical. The speed of rotation shall be measured to an accuracy of 1%. |
|
(d) pressure: |
High precision pressure gauges (accurate to ± 1%) shall be fitted to the condensor and evaporator and to the compressor inlet when the evaporator is fitted with a pressure regulator. |
|
(e) heat quantity: |
The heat dissipated by the internal fan heaters fitted with electrical resistances shall not exceed a flow of 1 W/cm2 and the heater units shall be protected by a casing of low emissivity. The electrical energy consumption shall be determined with an accuracy of 0.5%. |
Test conditions
The average air temperature at the inlet(s) to the refrigeration unit shall be maintained at 30 °C ± 0.5 K.
The maximum difference between the temperatures at the warmest and at the coldest points shall not exceed 2 K.
Inside the calorimeter box (or unit of transport equipment) (at the air inlet to the evaporator) there shall be three levels of temperature between -25°C and +12°C depending on the characteristics of the unit, one temperature level being at the minimum prescribed for the class requested by the manufacturer with a tolerance of ± 1° C.
The mean inside temperature shall be maintained within a tolerance of ± 0.5° C. During the measurement of refrigerating capacity the heat dissipated in steady state within the calorimeter box (or unit of transport equipment) shall be maintained at a constant level with a tolerance of ± 1%.
When presenting a refrigeration unit for testing, the manufacturer must supply:
Documents describing the unit to be tested,
a technical document outlining the parameters that are most important to the functioning of the unit and specify the allowable range,
the characteristics of the equipment series tested and
a statement as to which form(s) of energy shall be used during testing.
Test procedure
The test shall be divided into two major parts, the cooling phase and the measurement of the effective refrigerating capacity at three increasing temperature levels.
Cooling phase; the initial temperature of the calorimeter box or transport equipment shall be within ±3° C of the prescribed ambient temperature. It is then lowered to -25° C (or to the minimum class temperature).
Measurement of effective refrigerating capacity, at each internal temperature level.
A first test is to be carried out, for at least 4 hours at each level of temperature, under control of the thermostat (of the refrigeration unit) to stabilise the heat transfer between the interior and exterior of the calorimeter box or unit of transport equipment.
A second test shall be carried out without the thermostat in operation in order to determine the maximum refrigerating power output, the heating power of the internal heater producing an equilibrium condition at each temperature level as prescribed in paragraph 55.
The duration of the second test shall be not less than 4 hours.
Before changing from one temperature level to another, the box or unit shall be manually defrosted.
If the refrigeration unit can be operated by more than one form of energy, the tests shall be repeated for each.
If the compressor is driven by the vehicle engine, the test shall be carried out at both the minimum speed and at the nominal speed of rotation of the compressor as specified by the manufacturer.
If the compressor is driven by the vehicle motion, the test shall be carried out at the nominal speed of rotation of the compressor as specified by the manufacturer.
The same procedure shall be followed for the enthalpy method described in paragraph 53, but in this case the heat power dissipated by the evaporator fans at each temperature level must also be measured.
Precautions
As the tests for effective refrigerating capacity are carried out with the thermostat of the refrigeration unit disconnected the following precautions must be observed:
if the equipment has a hot gas injection system, it must be inoperative during the test;
with automatic controls of the refrigeration unit which unload individual cylinders (to adapt the refrigeration power of the unit to the power available from the motor) the test must be carried out with the number of cylinders appropriate for the temperature.
Checks
The following should be verified and the methods used indicated (on the test report):
the defrosting system and the thermostat are functioning correctly;
the rate of air circulation is that specified by the manufacturer. If the air flow of a refrigeration unit is to be measured, methode capable of measuring the total flow must be used. Use of one of the relevant existing standards, i.e. BS 848, ISO 5801, AMCE 210-85, DIN 24163, NFE 36101, NF X10.102, DIN 4796 E is recommended;
the refrigerant used for tests is that specified by the manufacturer.
The refrigeration capacity for ATP purposes is that relating to the mean temperature at the inlet(s) of the evaporator. The temperature measuring instruments shall be protected against radiation.
Test Reports
A test report of the appropriate type shall be drawn up in accordance with model number 10 below.
The effective refrigerating capacity3 at an outside temperature of 30°C and an inside temperature
|
Nominal capacity |
Evaporator 1** |
Evaporator 2** |
Evaporator 3** |
|
|
of ....... °C |
....... W |
....... W |
....... W |
....... W |
|
of ....... °C |
....... W |
....... W |
....... W |
....... W |
|
of ....... °C |
....... W |
....... W |
....... W |
....... W |
* The test procedure is not yet determined within the ATP agreement.
Multi-temperature equipment is an insulated equipment with two or more compartments for different temperatures in each compartment.
** The effective cooling capacity of each evaporator depends on the number of evaporators fixed at the condensing unit.
The certification plate shall be affixed permanently and in a clearly visible place adjacent to any other approval plate issued for official purposes. The plate, conforming to the model reproduced below, shall take the form of a rectangular, corrosion-resistent and fire-resistant plate measuring at least 160 mm by 100 mm. The following particulars shall be indicated legibly and indelibly on the plate in at least the English or French or Russian language:
the Latin letters “ATP” followed by the words “APPROVED FOR TRANSPORT OF PERISHABLE FOODSTUFFS”,
“APPROVAL NUMBER” followed by the distinguishing sign (in international road traffic) of the State in which the approval was granted and the number (figures, letters, etc.) of the approval reference,
“EQUIPMENT NUMBER” followed by the individual number assigned to identify the particular item of equipment (which may be the manufacturer's number),
“ATP MARK” followed by the distinguishing mark prescribed in annex 1, appendix 4, corresponding to the class and the category of the equipment,
“VALID UNTIL” followed by the date (month and year) when the approval of the unit of equipment expires. If the approval is renewed following a test or inspection, the subsequent date of expiry may be added on the same line.
The letters “ATP” and the letters of the distinguishing mark should be approximately 20 mm high. Other letters and figures should not be less than 5 mm high.
The distinguishing marks prescribed in Appendix 1, paragraph 5 to this Annex shall consist of capital Latin letters in dark blue on a white ground. The height of the letters shall be at least 100 mm for the classification marks and at least 50 mm for the expiry dates.
The classification and expiry marks shall at least be affixed externally on both sides in the upper corners near the front.
The marks shall be as follows:
|
Equipment |
Distinguishing mark |
|
Normally insulated equipment |
IN |
|
Heavily insulated equipment |
IR |
|
Class A refrigerated equipment with normal insulation |
RNA |
|
Class A refrigerated equipment with heavy insulation |
RRA |
|
Class B refrigerated equipment with heavy insulation |
RRB |
|
Class C refrigerated equipment with heavy insulation |
RRC |
|
Class D refrigerated equipment with normal insulation |
RND |
|
Class D refrigerated equipment with heavy insulation |
RRD |
|
Class A mechanically refrigerated equipment with normal insulation |
FNA |
|
Class A mechanically refrigerated equipment with heavy insulation |
FRA |
|
Class B mechanically refrigerated equipment with normal insulation |
FNB*) |
|
Class B mechanically refrigerated equipment with heavy insulation |
FRB |
|
Class C mechanically refrigerated equipment with normal insulation |
FNC*) |
|
Class C mechanically refrigerated equipment with heavy insulation |
FRC |
|
Class D mechanically refrigerated equipment with normal insulation |
FND |
|
Class D mechanically refrigerated equipment with heavy insulation |
FRD |
|
Class E mechanically refrigerated equipment with normal insulation |
FNE *) |
|
Class E mechanically refrigerated equipment with heavy insulation |
FRE |
|
Class F mechanically refrigerated equipment with normal insulation |
FNF*) |
|
Class F mechanically refrigerated equipment with heavy insulation |
FRF |
|
Class A heated equipment with normal insulation |
CNA |
|
Class A heated equipment with heavy insulation |
CRA |
|
Class B heated equipment with heavy insulation |
CRB |
*) See transitional provisions in paragraph 5 of this annex.
If the equipment is fitted with a removable or non-independent thermal appliance and if special conditions exist for the use of the thermal appliance, the distinguishing mark or marks shall be supplemented by the letter X in the following cases.
FOR REFRIGERATED EQUIPMENT:
Where the eutectic plates have to be placed in another chamber for freezing.
FOR MECHANICALLY REFRIGERATED EQUIPMENT
Where the compressor is powered by the vehicle engine,
Where the refrigeration unit itself or a part is removable, which would prevent its functioning
Model:
The distinguishing marks prescribed in Appendix 1, paragraph 5 to this annex shall consist of capital Latin letters in dark blue on a white ground. The height of the letters shall be at least 100 mm for the classification marks and at least 50 mm for the expiry dates. For special equipment, such as a laden vehicle with maximum mass not exceeding 3.5 t, the height of the classification marks could likewise be 50 mm and at least 25 mm for the expiry dates.
For the carriage of the following quick (deep)-frozen and frozen foodstuffs, the transport equipment has to be selected and used in such a way that during carriage the highest temperature of the foodstuffs at any point of the load does not exceed the indicated temperature. By that means the equipment used for the transport of quick-frozen foodstuffs other than railway equipment shall be fitted with the device referred to in Appendix 1 to this Annex. If however one should proceed to the verification of the temperature of the foodstuff, this shall be done according to the procedure laid down in Appendix 2 to this Annex.
Accordingly, the foodstuffs at any point in the load must be at or below the indicated value on loading during carriage and on unloading.
Where it is necessary to open the equipment, e.g. to carry out inspections, it is essential to ensure that the foodstuffs are not exposed to procedures or conditions contrary to the objectives of this annex and those of the International Convention on the Harmonization of Frontier Controls of Goods.
During certain operations, such as defrosting the evaporator of mechanically refrigerated equipment, a brief rise of the temperature of the surface of the foodstuffs of not more than 3° C in apart of the load, e.g. near the evaporator, above the appropriate temperature may be permitted.
|
Ice cream ......................................................... |
- 20° C |
|
Frozen or quick (deep)-frozen fish, fish products, molluscs and crustaceans and all other quick (deep)-frozen foodstuffs .................................. |
- 18°C |
|
All frozen foodstuffs (except butter) .................................. |
- 12°C |
|
Butter .................................................................... |
- 10°C |
Deep-frozen and frozen foodstuffs, mentioned below to be immediately further processed at destination:1) The deep-frozen and frozen foodstuffs listed, when intended for immediate further processing at destination, may be permitted to gradually rise in temperature during carriage so as to arrive at destination at temperatures no higher than those specified by the sender and indicated in the transport contract. This temperature should not be higher than the maximum temperature authorized for the same foodstuff when refrigerated as mentioned in annex 3. The transport document shall state the name of the foodstuff, whether it is deep-frozen or frozen and that it is to be immediately further processed at destination. This carriage should be undertaken with ATP-approved equipment without use of the thermal appliance to increase the temperature of the foodstuffs.
Butter
Concentrated fruit juice
The transport equipment must be fitted with a suitable recording instrument to monitor, at frequent and regular intervals, the air temperatures to which quick-frozen foodstuffs intended for human consumption are subjected.
The measuring instruments must be approved by the competent authorities of the country in which the means of transport is registered. Temperature recordings obtained in this manner must be dated and stored by the operator for at least one year or longer, according to the nature of the food.
However, for transport equipment in service at the date of the entry into force of this Appendix1)The date of entry info force of this Appendix is 13th February 1996., the above provisions will be progressively applicable within three years after that date.
Inspection and measurement of temperatures stipulated in Annexes 2 and 3 should be carried out so that the foodstuffs are not exposed to conditions detrimental to the safety or quality of the foodstuffs. Measuring of food temperatures should be carried out in a refrigerated environment, and with the minimum delays and minimum disruption of transport operations.
Inspection and measurement procedures, as referred to in paragraph 1, shall preferably be carried out at the point of loading or unloading. These procedures should not normally be carried out during transport, unless serious doubt exists about the conformity of the temperatures of the foodstuffs stipulated in Annexes 2 and 3.
Where possible, the inspection should take account of information provided by temperature monitoring devices during the journey before selecting those loads of perishable foodstuffs for sampling and measurement procedures. Progression to temperature measurement of the food should only be undertaken where there is reasonable doubt of the temperature control during carriage.
Where loads have been selected, a non-destructive measurement (between-case or between-pack) should at first be used. Only where the results of the non-destructive measurement do not conform with the temperatures laid down in Annexes 2 or 3 (taking into account allowable tolerances) are destructive measurements to be carried out. Where consignments or cases have been opened for inspection, but no further action has been taken, they should be resealed giving the time, date, place of inspection, and the official stamp of the inspection authority.
The types of package selected for temperature measurement shall be such that their temperature is representative of the warmest point of the consignment.
Where it is necessary to select samples during transport whilst the consignment is loaded, two samples should be taken from the top and bottom of the consignment adjacent to the opening edge of each door or pair of doors.
Where samples are taken during unloading of the consignment, four samples should be chosen from any of the following locations:
top and bottom of the consignment adjacent to the opening edge of the doors;
top rear corners of the consignment (ie furthest away from the refrigeration unit);
centre of the consignment;
centre of the front surface of the consignment (ie closest to the refrigeration unit);
top or bottom corners of the front surface of the consignment (ie closest to the return air intake of the refrigeration unit).
In the case of chilled foods in Annex 3, samples should also be taken from the coldest location to ensure that freezing has not occurred during transportation.
The temperature measuring probe should be precooled to as close to the product temperature as possible before measurement.
Non-destructive measurement. Measurement between-case or between-pack should be made with a probe with a flat head, which gives a good surface contact, low thermal mass, and high thermal conductivity. When placing the probe between the cases or food packs, there should be sufficient pressure to give a good thermal contact, and sufficient length of probe inserted to minimise conductivity errors.
Destructive measurement. A probe with a rigid, robust stem and sharpened point should be used, made from a material which is easy to clean and disinfect. The probe should be inserted into the centre of the food pack, and the temperature noted when a steady reading is reached.
Non-destructive measurement. Same as paragraph 10.
Destructive measurement. Temperature probes are not designed to penetrate frozen foods. Therefore it is necessary to make a hole in the product in which to insert the probe. The hole is made by a precooled product penetration instrument, which is a sharp pointed metallic instrument such as an ice punch, hand drill or an auger. The diameter of the hole should provide a close fit to that of the probe. The depth to which the probe is inserted will depend on the type of product:
where product dimensions allow, insert the probe to a depth of 2.5 cm from the surface of the product;
where (i) is not possible because of the size of the product, the probe should be inserted to a minimum depth from the surface of 3 to 4 times the diameter of the probe;
it is not possible or practical to make a hole in certain foods because of their size or composition, eg diced vegetables. In these cases, the internal temperature of the food package should be determined by insertion of a suitable sharp-stemmed probe to the centre of the pack to measure the temperature in contact with the food.
After inserting the probe, the temperature should be read when it has reached a steady value.
The measuring system (probe and read-out) used in determining temperature shall meet the following specifications:
the response time should achieve 90% of the difference between the initial and final reading within three minutes;
*) The procedure will be defined. the system must have an accuracy of ± 0.5°C within the measurement range – 20°C to + 30°C;
*) The procedure will be defined. the measuring accuracy must not change by more than 0.3°C during operation in the ambient temperature range – 20°C to + 30°C;
the display resolution of the instrument should be 0.1°C;
*) The procedure will be defined. the accuracy of the system should be checked at regular intervals;
the system should have a current certificate of calibration from an approved institution;
the electrical components of the system should be protected against undesirable effects due to condensation of moisture;
the system should be robust and shock proof.
Certain tolerances should be allowed in the interpretation of temperature measurements:
operational – in the case of frozen and quick-frozen foods, a brief rise of up to 3°C on the temperature permitted in Annex 2 is allowed for the surface temperature of the food.
methodology – non-destructive measurement can give up to a maximum of 2°C difference in the reading compared to the true product temperature measurement, especially with the thickness of cardboard in case packaging. This tolerance does not apply to the destructive measurement of temperature.
For the carriage of the following chilled foodstuffs, the transport equipment has to be selected and used in such a way that during carriage the highest temperature of the foodstuffs at any point of the load does not exceed the indicated temperature. If, however the verification of the temperature of the foodstuff is carried out, it shall be done according to the procedure laid down in Appendix 2 to Annex 2 to this Agreement.
Accordingly, the temperature of the foodstuffs at any point in the load must not exceed the temperature as indicated below on loading, during carriage and on unloading.
Where it is necessary to open the equipment, e.g. to carry out inspections, it is essential to ensure that the foodstuffs are not exposed to procedures or conditions contrary to the objectives of this Annex and those of the International Convention on the Harmonization of Frontier Controls of Goods.
The temperature control of foodstuffs specified in this Annex should be such as not to cause freezing at any point of the load.
|
Maximum temperature |
||
|
I. |
Raw milk1) |
+ 6° C |
|
II. |
Red meat2) and large game (other than red offal) |
+ 7° C |
|
III. |
Meat products,3) pasteurized milk, fresh dairy products (yoghurt, kefir, cream and fresh cheese4)), ready cooked foodstuffs (meat, fish, vegetables), ready to eat prepared raw vegetables and vegetable products5) and fish products3) not listed below |
either at + 6° C or at temperature indicated on the label and/or on the transport documents |
|
IV. |
Game (other than large game), poultry2) and rabbits |
+ 4° C |
|
V. |
Red offal2) |
+ 3° C |
|
VI. |
Minced meat2) |
either at +2° C or at temperature indicated on the label and/or on the transport documents |
|
VII. |
Untreated fish, molluscs and crustaceans6) |
on melting ice or at temperature of melting ice |
1) When milk is collected from the farm for immediate processing, the temperature may rise during carriage to + 10° C.
2) Any preparations thereof.
3) Except for products fully treated by salting, smoking, drying or sterilization.
4) ‘Fresh cheese’ means a non-ripened (non-matured) cheese which is ready for consumption shortly after manufacturing and which has a limited conservation period.
5) Raw vegetables which have been diced, sliced or otherwise size reduced, but excluding those which have only been washed, peeled or simply cut in half.
6) Except for live fish, live molluscs and live crustaceans.
De Overeenkomstsluitende Partijen,
Verlangend te komen tot een betere kwaliteitshandhaving van bederfelijke levensmiddelen tijdens het vervoer, met name in het internationale handelsverkeer,
Overwegende, dat verbetering van die kwaliteitshandhaving uitbreiding van de handel in bederfelijke levensmiddelen zal brengen,
Zijn overeengekomen als volgt:
In het internationaal vervoer van aan bederf onderhevige levensmiddelen mogen vervoermiddelen niet worden aangeduid als „geïsoleerde”, „niet-mechanisch gekoelde”, „mechanisch gekoelde” of „verwarmde” vervoermiddelen, tenzij zij beantwoorden aan de definities en normen vervat in Bijlage 1 bij deze Overeenkomst.
De Overeenkomstsluitende Partijen nemende nodige maatregelen opdat de in artikel 1 genoemde vervoermiddelen, overeenkomstig het bepaalde in de aanhangsels 1, 2, 3 en 4 van Bijlage 1 bij deze Overeenkomst, worden gecontroleerd en wordt nagegaan of deze aan bedoelde normen beantwoorden. Elke Overeenkomstsluitende Partij erkent de geldigheid van certificaten van goedkeuring die, overeenkomstig het bepaalde in Bijlage 1 bij deze Overeenkomst, aanhangsel 1, derde lid, zijn afgegeven door de bevoegde instantie van een andere Overeenkomstsluitende Partij. Elke Overeenkomstsluitende Partij kan de geldigheid erkennen van certificaten van goedkeuring die, overeenkomstig het bepaalde in Bijlage 1 bij deze Overeenkomst, aanhangsel 1 en 2, zijn afgegeven door de bevoegde instantie van een Staat niet zijnde een Overeenkomstsluitende Partij.
Het bepaalde in artikel 4 van deze Overeenkomst geldt voor alle vormen van vervoer, zowel voor rekening van anderen als voor eigen rekening, dat - onder voorbehoud van het bepaalde in het tweede lid van dit artikel - uitsluitend per spoor of over de weg, of in een combinatie van beide, wordt uitgevoerd, van
diepbevroren of bevroren levensmiddelen,
levensmiddelen genoemd in Bijlage 3 van deze Overeenkomst, ook indien zij niet diepbevroren of bevroren zijn,
indien de plaats waar de goederen of het vervoermiddel dat deze goederen bevat worden geladen in een spoorwagon of een wegvervoermiddel en de plaats waar de goederen of het vervoermiddel dat deze goederen bevat worden uitgeladen in twee verschillende Staten zijn gelegen en de plaats waar de goederen worden uitgeladen is gelegen op het grondgebied van een Overeenkomstsluitende Partij.
Ingeval het vervoer een of meer zeereizen omvat, anders dan die welke zijn bedoeld in het tweede lid van dit artikel, dient elk vervoer over land afzonderlijk te worden beschouwd.
Het in het eerste lid van dit artikel bepaalde is eveneens van toepassing op zeereizen van minder dan 150 km, mits de goederen zonder tussentijdse verlading worden verscheept in het (de) voor het vervoer over land gebruikte vervoermiddel(en), en deze zeereizen voorafgaan aan en/of volgen op vervoer over land als bedoeld in het eerste lid van dit artikel.
Niettegenstaande het bepaalde in het eerste en tweede lid van dit artikel, behoeven de Overeenkomstsluitende Partijen het in artikel 4 van deze Overeenkomst bepaalde niet toe te passen op het vervoer van niet voor menselijke consumptie bestemd voedsel.
Voor het vervoer van aan bederf onderhevige levensmiddelen als aangegeven in de Bijlagen 2 en 3 bij deze Overeenkomst dient gebruik te worden gemaakt van de in artikel 1 van deze Overeenkomst bedoelde vervoermiddelen, tenzij de voor de gehele duur van het vervoer te verwachten temperaturen deze eis beslist onnodig maken om de temperaturen, als vastgelegd in de Bijlagen 2 en 3 bij deze Overeenkomst, te kunnen handhaven. De keuze en het gebruik van het vervoermiddel dient zodanig te zijn dat het mogelijk is de in deze Bijlagen vastgelegde temperaturen te handhaven tijdens de gehele duur van het vervoer.
Tevens dienen alle nodige maatregelen te worden genomen, in het bijzonder wat betreft de temperaturen van de levensmiddelen bij inlading, de ijsvoorziening bij de aanvang van het vervoer en onderweg of andere noodzakelijke handelingen. Niettemin is het in dit lid bepaalde uitsluitend van toepassing voor zover het niet strijdig is met internationale verplichtingen met betrekking tot internationaal vervoer, die door de Overeenkomstsluitende Partijen zijn aangegaan op grond van verdragen welke op het tijdstip van de inwerkingtreding van deze Overeenkomst van kracht waren, of van daarvoor in de plaats gekomen verdragen.
Indien gedurende een transport dat onderworpen is aan de bepalingen van deze Overeenkomst aan het bepaalde in het eerste lid van dit artikel niet is voldaan,
mag niemand de levensmiddelen na beëindiging van het vervoer binnen het grondgebied van een Overeenkomstsluitende Partij van de hand doen, tenzij de bevoegde instanties van die Overeenkomstsluitende Partij het verenigbaar achten met de eisen van de volksgezondheid daartoe machtiging te verlenen, mits in dat geval aan de bij het verlenen van bedoelde machtiging door die instanties eventueel te stellen voorwaarden wordt voldaan;
mag elke Overeenkomstsluitende Partij, met het oog op de volksgezondheid of het voorkomen van dierenziekten en voor zover dit niet strijdig is met de andere in de laatste zin van het eerste lid van dit artikel bedoelde internationale verplichtingen, de invoer van de levensmiddelen binnen haar grondgebied verbieden of deze invoer binden aan door haar vast te stellen voorwaarden.
Vervoerders die voor rekening van derden vervoersopdrachten uitvoeren zijn gehouden te handelen overeenkomstig het in het eerste lid van dit artikel bepaalde, slechts voor zover zij zich verbonden hebben prestaties te leveren of te doen leveren, die zijn gericht op het naleven daarvan en voor zover zulks afhankelijk is van het leveren van die prestaties. Indien andere personen, natuurlijke personen of rechtspersonen, zich hebben verbonden prestaties te leveren of te doen leveren, die zijn gericht op het naleven van de bepalingen van deze Overeenkomst, zijn zij gehouden de naleving daarvan te waarborgen, voor zover deze afhankelijk is van de prestaties welke zij op zich genomen hebben, te leveren of te doen leveren.
Voor de duur van een transport dat wordt uitgevoerd overeenkomstig de bepalingen van deze Overeenkomst en waarbij de plaats van inlading op het grondgebied van een Overeenkomstsluitende Partij is gelegen, berust de verantwoordelijkheid voor het naleven van het in het eerste lid van dit artikel bepaalde, met inachtneming van het bepaalde in het derde lid van dit artikel,
in geval het vervoer betreft dat wordt uitgevoerd voor rekening van derden, bij de persoon, een natuurlijke persoon dan wel een rechtspersoon, die, volgens het vervoerbewijs, de afzender is of, zo een vervoerbewijs ontbreekt, bij de persoon, een natuurlijke persoon dan wel een rechtspersoon, die de vervoerovereenkomst met de vervoerder heeft aangegaan;
in de overige gevallen bij de persoon, een natuurlijke persoon dan wel een rechtspersoon, die het transport uitvoert.
De bepalingen van deze Overeenkomst zijn niet van toepassing op vervoer over land dat zonder tussentijdse verlading van de goederen geschiedt met gebruikmaking van laadkisten die geclassificeerd zijn als voor de zeevaart geschikte koellaadkisten, mits deze transporten voorafgegaan of gevolgd worden door zeereizen, anders dan die welke bedoeld zijn in het tweede lid van artikel 3 van deze Overeenkomst.
Elke Overeenkomstsluitende Partij neemt alle gewenste maatregelen ter waarborging van de naleving van de bepalingen van deze Overeenkomst. De bevoegde instanties van de Overeenkomstsluitende Partijen houden elkaar op de hoogte van de met dit doel genomen algemene maatregelen.
Indien een Overeenkomstsluitende Partij een inbreuk vaststelt gemaakt door een persoon die op het grondgebied van een andere Overeenkomstsluitende Partij woont, of die persoon een boete oplegt, geeft de bevoegde instantie van de eerste Partij de bevoegde instantie van de andere Partij kennis van de vastgestelde inbreuk en van de opgelegde boete.
De Overeenkomstsluitende Partijen behouden het recht bilaterale of multilaterale overeenkomsten aan te gaan waarin bepaald wordt dat de bepalingen, van toepassing op zowel speciale vervoermiddelen als op de temperaturen die bij het vervoer van bepaalde aan bederf onderhevige levensmiddelen dienen te worden gehandhaafd, strenger mogen zijn dan de bepalingen van deze Overeenkomst, met name vanwege bijzondere klimatologische omstandigheden. Deze bepalingen zijn slechts van toepassing op internationaal vervoer dat wordt verricht tussen de Overeenkomstsluitende Partijen die bilaterale of multilaterale overeenkomsten als bedoeld in dit artikel hebben gesloten. Van deze overeenkomst dient kennisgeving te worden gedaan aan de Secretaris-Generaal van de Verenigde Naties die de Overeenkomstsluitende Partijen die deze overeenkomsten niet hebben ondertekend daarvan mededeling doet.
Het niet nakomen van de bepalingen van deze Overeenkomst tast niet het bestaan of de geldigheid aan van voor het uitvoeren van het vervoer afgesloten overeenkomsten.
Staten die lid zijn van de Economische Commissie voor Europa en Staten, die, overeenkomstig het bepaalde in paragraaf 8 van het mandaat van de Commissie, met raadgevende stem tot de Commissie zijn toegelaten, kunnen partij worden bij deze Overeenkomst,
door haar te ondertekenen;
door haar te bekrachtigen na haar onder voorbehoud van bekrachtiging te hebben ondertekend; of
door ertoe toe te treden.
Staten die, overeenkomstig het bepaalde in paragraaf 11 van het mandaat van de Economische Commissie voor Europa, aan bepaalde werkzaamheden van de Commissie kunnen deelnemen, kunnen bij deze Overeenkomst partij worden door na de inwerkingtreding ervan tot de Overeenkomst toe te treden.
Elke Staat kan op het tijdstip dat hij deze Overeenkomst zonder voorbehoud van bekrachtiging ondertekent of zijn akte van bekrachtiging of toetreding nederlegt, alsmede op elk later tijdstip door middel van een aan de Secretaris-Generaal van de Verenigde Naties gerichte kennisgeving verklaren, dat deze Overeenkomst niet van toepassing is op vervoer binnen al zijn buiten Europa gelegen grondgebieden of één daarvan. Nieuwe Overeenkomstsluitende Partijen die vanaf 30 april 1999 toetreden tot de A.T.P.-Overeenkomst en het eerste lid van dit artikel toepassen, zijn niet gerechtigd om in overeenstemming met de in het tweede lid van artikel 18 bepaalde procedure bezwaar te maken tegen ontwerp-wijzigingen.
Indien deze kennisgeving is gedaan na de inwerkingtreding van de Overeenkomst voor de Staat die deze kennisgeving doet, is de Overeenkomst na verloop van negentig dagen na de datum waarop de Secretaris-Generaal deze kennisgeving heeft ontvangen niet langer van toepassing op vervoer binnen het (de) in deze kennisgeving aangegeven grondgebied(en).
Een Staat die een verklaring als bedoeld in het eerste lid van dit artikel heeft afgelegd mag op elk later tijdstip door middel van een aan de Secretaris-Generaal gerichte kennisgeving verklaren, dat de Overeenkomst van toepassing is op vervoer binnen een overeenkomstig het eerste lid van dit artikel aangewezen grondgebied en dat de Overeenkomst honderd en tachtig dagen na de datum van ontvangst van deze kennisgeving door de Secretaris-Generaal van toepassing wordt op vervoer binnen genoemd grondgebied.
Deze Overeenkomst treedt in werking een jaar nadat vijf van de in artikel 9, eerste lid, genoemde Staten haar zonder voorbehoud van bekrachtiging hebben ondertekend of hun akten van bekrachtiging of toetreding hebben nedergelegd.
Ten aanzien van een Staat die deze Overeenkomst bekrachtigt of ertoe toetreedt nadat vijf Staten haar zonder voorbehoud van bekrachtiging hebben ondertekend of hun akten van bekrachtiging of toetreding hebben nedergelegd, treedt deze Overeenkomst een jaar nadat de betrokken Staat zijn akte van bekrachtiging of toetreding heeft nedergelegd, in werking.
Deze Overeenkomst houdt op van kracht te zijn indien het aantal Overeenkomstsluitende Partijen gedurende een aaneengesloten periode van twaalf maanden na haar inwerkingtreding minder dan vijf bedraagt.
Elke Staat kan op het tijdstip dat hij deze Overeenkomst zonder voorbehoud van bekrachtiging ondertekent of zijn akte van bekrachtiging of toetreding nederlegt, of op elk later tijdstip, door middel van een aan de Secretaris-Generaal van de Verenigde Naties gerichte kennisgeving, verklaren dat deze Overeenkomst eveneens zal gelden voor alle gebieden of één of meer daarvan, voor de internationale betrekkingen waarvan die Staat verantwoordelijk is. Deze Overeenkomst geldt voor het gebied of de gebieden genoemd in deze kennisgeving, met ingang van de negentigste dag na ontvangst van de kennisgeving door de Secretaris-Generaal of, indien de Overeenkomst op die dag nog niet in werking is getreden, met ingang van de datum van haar inwerkingtreding.
Een Staat die een verklaring als bedoeld in het eerste lid van dit artikel heeft afgelegd, waardoor deze Overeenkomst eveneens geldt voor een gebied voor welks internationale betrekkingen hij verantwoordelijk is, kan deze Overeenkomst, overeenkomstig het bepaalde in artikel 12, ten aanzien van dat gebied afzonderlijk opzeggen.
Geschillen tussen twee of meer Overeenkomstsluitende Partijen, de uitlegging of toepassing van deze Overeenkomst betreffende, worden, indien mogelijk, door middel van onderlinge onderhandeling geregeld.
Elk geschil dat niet door middel van onderhandeling wordt geregeld, wordt, op verzoek van een der bij het geschil betrokken Overeenkomstsluitende Partijen, aan een scheidsrechterlijke beslissing onderworpen en dienovereenkomstig aan één of meer in onderlinge overeenstemming tussen die Partijen gekozen scheidsmannen ter beslissing voorgelegd.
Indien binnen drie maanden na de datum van het verzoek om een scheidsrechterlijke beslissing de bij het geschil betrokken Partijen niet tot overeenstemming kunnen komen aangaande de keuze van een scheidsman of van scheidsmannen, kan elk van die Partijen de Secretaris-Generaal van de Verenigde Naties verzoeken één enkele scheidsman aan te wijzen, aan wie het geschil ter beslissing zal worden voorgelegd.
Elke Staat kan op het tijdstip van ondertekening of bekrachtiging van of toetreding tot deze Overeenkomst verklaren dat hij zich niet gebonden acht door het tweede en het derde lid van artikel 15 van deze Overeenkomst. De andere Overeenkomstsluitende Partijen zijn tegenover een Overeenkomstsluitende Partij die een dergelijk voorbehoud heeft gemaakt, niet gebonden door deze leden.
Nadat deze Overeenkomst drie jaar van kracht is geweest kan elke Overeenkomstsluitende Partij, door middel van een aan de Secretaris-Generaal van de Verenigde Naties gerichte kennisgeving, verzoeken een conferentie bijeen te roepen met het doel deze Overeenkomst aan een onderzoek te onderwerpen. De Secretaris-Generaal stelt alle Overeenkomstsluitende Partijen van dit verzoek in kennis en, indien binnen een termijn van vier maanden, gerekend vanaf de datum waarop de Secretaris-Generaal de kennisgeving heeft verzonden, niet minder dan één derde der Overeenkomstsluitende Partijen van hun instemming met dit verzoek hebben blijk gegeven, roept de Secretaris-Generaal een conferentie ter bestudering van deze Overeenkomst bijeen.
Indien overeenkomstig het bepaalde in het eerste lid van dit artikel een conferentie bijeen wordt geroepen, stelt de Secretaris-Generaal alle Overeenkomstsluitende Partijen daarvan in kennis en verzoekt hun binnen een termijn van drie maanden de voorstellen in te dienen, die zij door de conferentie behandeld wensen te zien. Ten minste drie maanden voor de aanvang van de conferentie doet de Secretaris-Generaal alle Overeenkomstsluitende Partijen, te zamen met de tekst van bovengenoemde voorstellen, de voorlopige agenda van de conferentie toekomen.
De Secretaris-Generaal nodigt alle in artikel 9, eerste lid, van deze Overeenkomst genoemde Staten, te zamen met de Staten die, overeenkomstig het bepaalde in artikel 9, tweede lid, partij bij deze Overeenkomst zijn geworden, uit de op grond van dit artikel bijeen te roepen conferenties bij te wonen.
Elke Overeenkomstsluitende Partij kan één of meer wijzigingen op deze Overeenkomst voorstellen. De tekst van een voorgestelde wijziging dient ter kennis van de Secretaris-Generaal van de Verenigde Naties te worden gebracht, die deze ter kennis brengt van alle Overeenkomstsluitende Partijen en alle andere in artikel 9, eerste lid, van deze Overeenkomst genoemde Staten. De Secretaris-Generaal kan tevens wijzigingen van deze Overeenkomst of van de Bijlagen erbij voorstellen die hem zijn toegezonden door de Werkgroep voor het vervoer van aan bederf onderhevige levensmiddelen van het Comité van Binnenlands Vervoer van de Economische Commissie voor Europa.
Binnen een tijdsbestek van zes maanden gerekend van de datum waarop de Secretaris-Generaal mededeling doet van de voorgestelde wijziging, kan elke Overeenkomstsluitende Partij de Secretaris-Generaal berichten
dat zij bezwaar maakt tegen de voorgestelde wijziging, of
dat, hoewel zij voornemens is het voorstel te aanvaarden, in haar land aan de voor de aanvaarding noodzakelijke voorwaarden nog niet is voldaan.
Indien een Overeenkomstsluitende Partij de Secretaris-Generaal een kennisgeving zendt als voorzien in het tweede lid, letter b, van dit artikel, kan zij, zolang de Secretaris-Generaal geen bericht van aanvaarding van de voorgestelde wijziging heeft gezonden, binnen een tijdsbestek van negen maanden, gerekend van de datum af, waarop de termijn van zes maanden, als voorgeschreven met betrekking tot de eerste kennisgeving, is verstreken, bezwaar tegen de voorgestelde wijziging maken.
Indien overeenkomstig het bepaalde in het tweede en derde lid van dit artikel bezwaar wordt gemaakt tegen de voorgestelde wijziging, wordt de wijziging geacht niet te zijn aanvaard en wordt zij niet van kracht.
Indien overeenkomstig het bepaalde in het tweede en derde lid van dit artikel geen bezwaar is gemaakt tegen de voorgestelde wijziging, wordt de wijziging geacht te zijn aanvaard op de hierna te noemen datum:
indien geen enkele Overeenkomstsluitende Partij de Secretaris-Generaal, overeenkomstig het bepaalde in het tweede lid, letter b, van dit artikel, een kennisgeving heeft gezonden, na het verstrijken van de in het tweede lid van dit artikel genoemde termijn van zes maanden;
indien ten minste één Overeenkomstsluitende Partij de Secretaris-Generaal, overeenkomstig het bepaalde in het tweede lid, letter b, van dit artikel, een kennisgeving heeft gezonden, op één van de twee volgende data, en wel die datum welke het eerst valt:
de datum waarop alle Overeenkomstsluitende Partijen die een dergelijke kennisgeving hebben ingezonden de Secretaris-Generaal van hun aanvaarding van het voorstel in kennis hebben gesteld, met dien verstande dat, indien alle kennisgevingen van aanvaarding worden ingezonden vóór het verstrijken van de in het tweede lid van dit artikel genoemde termijn van zes maanden, deze datum zal worden aangemerkt als de datum waarop de bedoelde termijn van zes maanden verstrijkt;
de datum waarop de in het derde lid van dit artikel genoemde termijn van negen maanden verstrijkt.
Een als aanvaard geachte wijziging wordt zes maanden na de datum waarop zij werd geacht te zijn aanvaard van kracht.
De Secretaris-Generaal bericht ten spoedigste alle Overeenkomstsluitende Partijen of, overeenkomstig het bepaalde in het tweede lid, letter a, van dit artikel, bezwaar tegen de voorgestelde wijziging is gemaakt en of één of meer Overeenkomstsluitende Partijen hem een kennisgeving overeenkomstig het bepaalde in het tweede lid, letter b, van dit artikel hebben gezonden. Indien hem door één of meer Overeenkomstsluitende Partijen een dergelijke verklaring is gezonden, bericht hij vervolgens alle Overeenkomstsluitende Partijen of van de zijde van de Overeenkomstsluitende Partij of Partijen door wie een dergelijke kennisgeving is gezonden, tegen de voorgestelde wijziging bezwaar wordt gemaakt of dat deze wordt aanvaard.
Onafhankelijk van de gang van zaken met betrekking tot wijzigingen, als omschreven in het eerste tot en met het zesde lid van dit artikel, kunnen de Bijlagen en Aanhangsels van deze Overeenkomst worden gewijzigd in onderlinge overeenstemming tussen de bevoegde instanties van alle Overeenkomstsluitende Partijen. Indien de bevoegde instantie van een Overeenkomstsluitende Partij te kennen heeft gegeven dat, op grond van haar nationale recht, goedkeuring harentwege gebonden is aan een bijzondere machtiging of aan de goedkeuring van een wetgevend lichaam, wordt de goedkeuring van de betrokken Overeenkomstsluitende Partij met betrekking tot de wijziging van een Bijlage niet geacht te zijn gegeven alvorens de Overeenkomstsluitende Partij de Secretaris-Generaal ervan heeft verwittigd dat de vereiste machtiging of goedkeuring is verkregen. In de tussen de bevoegde instanties bereikte overeenstemming kan worden bepaald dat gedurende een overgangsperiode de oude Bijlagen, naast de nieuwe, geheel of gedeeltelijk van kracht zullen blijven. De Secretaris-Generaal bepaalt de datum waarop de uit dergelijke wijzigingen voortkomende nieuwe teksten van kracht worden.
Benevens zorg te dragen voor toezending van de kennisgevingen bedoeld in de artikelen 17 en 18 van deze Overeenkomst, doet de Secretaris-Generaal van de Verenigde Naties de in artikel 9, eerste lid, van deze Overeenkomst genoemde Staten en de overeenkomstig artikel 9, tweede lid, bij deze Overeenkomst partij geworden Staten, eveneens mededeling van:
iedere ondertekening, bekrachtiging en toetreding overeenkomstig artikel 9;
de data van inwerkingtreding van deze Overeenkomst ingevolge artikel 12;
iedere opzegging overeenkomstig artikel 12;
beëindiging van deze Overeenkomst overeenkomstig artikel 13;
kennisgevingen ontvangen overeenkomstig de artikelen 10 en 14;
verklaringen en kennisgevingen ontvangen overeenkomstig het eerste en tweede lid van artikel 16;
de datum van inwerkingtreding van eventuele wijzigingen ingevolge artikel 18.
Na 31 mei 1971 wordt het origineel van deze Overeenkomst nedergelegd bij de Secretaris-Generaal van de Verenigde Naties, die een gewaarmerkt afschrift zal doen toekomen aan ieder der in artikel 9, eerste en tweede lid, van deze Overeenkomst genoemde Staten.
TEN BLIJKE WAARVAN de ondergetekenden, daartoe behoorlijk gemachtigd, deze Overeenkomst hebben ondertekend.
GEDAAN te Genève, de eerste september 1970, in één exemplaar, in de Engelse, de Franse en de Russische taal, zijnde deze drie teksten gelijkelijk authentiek.
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